Systemic Hypertension Flashcards
1
Q
What are causes of secondary HTN to look out for on general inspection?
A
Cushing’s syndrome
Acromegaly
Polycythemia
Chronic renal failure
2
Q
Why palpate for radiofemoral delay?
A
Sign of aortic coarctation or severe HTN < 30y/o
3
Q
What are the 4 grades of retinal changes seen on fundoscopy in HTN?
A
Grade 1: silver wiring of arteries (sclerosis)
Grade 2: 1 + AV nipping or nicking
Grade 3: 2 + flame shaped haemorrhages and cotton wool spots (exudates)
Grade 4: 3 + papilloedema
4
Q
Why palpate for AAA?
A
Possible complication of systemic HTN
5
Q
Why auscultate renal arteries?
A
Renal bruit (indicates renal artery stenosis)
6
Q
What is malignant hypertension?
A
Presence of flame shaped haemorrhages, cottonwool spots and papilloedema
Requires urgent hospital admission for tx
