systemic candidiasis

Question 1

definition

Answer 1

Systemic candidiasis (acute disseminated candidiasis) is an infection of blood or other normally sterile sites (e.g., pleural and peritoneal fluid) with Candida species, usually in association with fever, hypotension, and/or leukocytosis. Candida organisms may be disseminated to multiple sites, notably retina, kidney, liver and spleen, bones, and the central nervous system. Chronic disseminated candidiasis usually implies involvement of liver and/or spleen in association with recovery from chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

Question 2

risk factors

Answer 2

Major risk factors are use of central venous catheters, exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics, and neutropenia.

haemodialysis
surgery
parenteral nutrition
immunosupressants

Question 3

symptoms

Answer 3

• fever
• tachycardia
• tachypnoea
• hypotension
• poor cap refill
• acute mental confusion
• decreased urine output
• low oxygen sats
• rash
• hepatosplenomegaly
• hypothermia

Question 4

investigations

Answer 4

1st investigations:

• blood culture
• FBC
• ABG
• lactate levels
• coagulation studies
• LFT
• renal function tests
• serum glucose (check for sepsis)