SYSTEMATICS LECTURE

Question 1

Animals are multicellular, heterotrophic eukaryotes with tissue that develop from embryonic layers

Question 2

morphological and molecular evidence point this organism as the closest living relatives of animal

Answer 2

choanoflagellates

Question 3

it has 5,500 species

Answer 3

porifera`

Question 4

sessile animals that lack tissue

Answer 4

sponges

Question 5

they live as filter feeders, trapping particles that pass through the internal channels of their body

Answer 5

sponges

Question 6

anatomy of sponge

Answer 6

osculum, flagellum, spicules, water flow, choanocytes, spogocoel, pores, epidermis, mesohyl

Question 7

Sponge more like a colony of unicellular organisms
despite being a single organism. Describe.

Answer 7

Sponges function like a colony of unicellular organisms because their specialized cells, such as choanocytes and amoebocytes, work independently without forming true tissues or organs.

Question 8

Why is sexual reproduction beneficial for sponges

Answer 8

it increases genetic diversity, helping them to to adapt, and improves their chances of survival over time.

Question 9

When could asexual reproduction be beneficial?

Answer 9

Rapid population growth, saves energy.

Question 10

What three materials could make up the structure/”skeleton” of a
sponge? What are these supports called?

Answer 10

1. Spongin
2. Calcium Carbonate
3. Silica

Question 11

Flexible protein material

Answer 11

spongin

Question 12

hard, mineralized support

Answer 12

calcium carbonate

Question 13

glass like spicules for rigidity

Answer 13

silica

Question 14

4 classes of sponge

Answer 14

homoscleromorpha, calcispongiae, demospongiae, hexactinellida

Question 15

it has spicules not with 6 rays

Answer 15

demospongiae