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Perio > Systematic Disease & Diabetes > Flashcards

Systematic Disease & Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

what type of relationship between periodontal disease and systematic disease?

A

Strong relationship.

NOT cause and effect

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2
Q

periodontitis may be related to the risk for what 4 things?

A
  1. cardiovascular disease
  2. preterm low-weight infants
  3. diabetes
  4. respiratory disease
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3
Q

SBE prophylaxis recommendations?

SBE stands for?

A
  • subacute bacterial endocarditis
  • only recommended for patients with underlying cardiac conditions associated with highest risk for endocarditis (prostetic cardiac valve, previous endocarditis)
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4
Q

SBE prophylaxis recommended for what procedures?

A

manipulation of gingival tissues or periapical region, perforation of the oral mucosa

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5
Q

what percent of us population has diabetes?

A

8.3%

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6
Q

fasting blood glucose for diabetes

A

greater than or equal to 126mg/dl

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7
Q

oral glucose tolerance test for diabetes

A

greater than or equal to 200mg/dl

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8
Q

HbA1c levels for diabetes

A

greater than or equal to 6.5%

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9
Q

what percent of women have a chance of developing gestational diabetes after pregnancy?

A

20-25 %

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10
Q

metabolic syndrome?

A

set of abnormalitities involving waist size, weight, blood pressure, lipid levels, and blood glucose levels

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11
Q

diabetes is higher in what groups of people
men vs women
young vs old
hispanic vs black

A

More in men than women, higher in Hispanics and black, older people than younger people

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12
Q

classic complications of diabetes

A
  1. retinopathy
  2. nephropathy
  3. neuropathy
  4. cardiovascular disease
  5. altered wound healing
  6. PERIODONTAL DISEASE
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13
Q

can a urinary glucose test be used to diagnose diabetes?

A

no

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14
Q

how must diabetes be diagnosed?

A

confirm twice on a subsequent day by using plasma glucose, fasting plasma glucose, or 2hr post prandial glucose

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15
Q

hba1c normal values

A

4.5-6.7 %

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16
Q

AGE’s stand for?

results in

A

advanced glycation end products

  • collagen accumulation in perio capillary membranes
  • stimulation of smooth muscle increase thickness of vessels
  • binding of LDL to AGE modified collagen
17
Q

HBA!C measures?

A

levels of glycated hemoglobin (serum glucose) over the pst 2-3 months

18
Q

AGE alters collagen turnover in wound healthin how?

A 
increased collagenase (MMP) production
-degrades newly formed collagen
19
Q

age affects impaired PMN function how

A

leukocyte adherence
chemotaxis
phagocytosis

20
Q

what possess high affinity receptors for AGE’s

A

monocytes, macrophage and endothelial cells

21
Q

AGE binding to monocytes and macrophages results in

A

hyper responsive
-increase secretion of IL-1 B
IL-6, TNF alpha, PGE2

22
Q

AGE effects endothelial cells how?

A
  • procoagulatory changes leading to focal thrombosis and vasoconstriction
  • hyperpermeable
  • hyperexpression of adhesion molecules
23
Q

what from the monocyte/ macrophage activates fibroblasts?

A

IL-1 beta and TNF alpha

24
Q

how does diabetes affect perio?

A

greater prevalence, severity, extent and progression for diabetics

25
Q

relationship between periodontitis and diabetes

A

bidirectional

26
Q

fat is considered a _________ tissue that releases _______

A

fat in an inflammatory tissue that releases TNF alpha, C-reactive protein and other cytokines

27
Q

cytokines released from fat have what effect?

A

cytokines can lead to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

28
Q

three way street

A

obesity can lead to diabetes and periodontal disease. Periodontal disease and diabetes both lead to each other

29
Q

treatment of perio reduces the need for?

A

insulin

30
Q

what can interfere with the action of insulin and glycemic control

A

TNF alpha and other cytokines

31
Q

oral signs of diabetes

A
  • foamy saliva
  • unusually dry and irritated tissue
  • severe periodontal inflammation

Perio (5 decks)

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