Systematic Disease & Diabetes Flashcards
what type of relationship between periodontal disease and systematic disease?
Strong relationship.
NOT cause and effect
periodontitis may be related to the risk for what 4 things?
- cardiovascular disease
- preterm low-weight infants
- diabetes
- respiratory disease
SBE prophylaxis recommendations?
SBE stands for?
- subacute bacterial endocarditis
- only recommended for patients with underlying cardiac conditions associated with highest risk for endocarditis (prostetic cardiac valve, previous endocarditis)
SBE prophylaxis recommended for what procedures?
manipulation of gingival tissues or periapical region, perforation of the oral mucosa
what percent of us population has diabetes?
8.3%
fasting blood glucose for diabetes
greater than or equal to 126mg/dl
oral glucose tolerance test for diabetes
greater than or equal to 200mg/dl
HbA1c levels for diabetes
greater than or equal to 6.5%
what percent of women have a chance of developing gestational diabetes after pregnancy?
20-25 %
metabolic syndrome?
set of abnormalitities involving waist size, weight, blood pressure, lipid levels, and blood glucose levels
diabetes is higher in what groups of people
men vs women
young vs old
hispanic vs black
More in men than women, higher in Hispanics and black, older people than younger people
classic complications of diabetes
- retinopathy
- nephropathy
- neuropathy
- cardiovascular disease
- altered wound healing
- PERIODONTAL DISEASE
can a urinary glucose test be used to diagnose diabetes?
no
how must diabetes be diagnosed?
confirm twice on a subsequent day by using plasma glucose, fasting plasma glucose, or 2hr post prandial glucose
hba1c normal values
4.5-6.7 %
AGE’s stand for?
results in
advanced glycation end products
- collagen accumulation in perio capillary membranes
- stimulation of smooth muscle increase thickness of vessels
- binding of LDL to AGE modified collagen
HBA!C measures?
levels of glycated hemoglobin (serum glucose) over the pst 2-3 months
AGE alters collagen turnover in wound healthin how?
increased collagenase (MMP) production -degrades newly formed collagen
age affects impaired PMN function how
leukocyte adherence
chemotaxis
phagocytosis
what possess high affinity receptors for AGE’s
monocytes, macrophage and endothelial cells
AGE binding to monocytes and macrophages results in
hyper responsive
-increase secretion of IL-1 B
IL-6, TNF alpha, PGE2
AGE effects endothelial cells how?
- procoagulatory changes leading to focal thrombosis and vasoconstriction
- hyperpermeable
- hyperexpression of adhesion molecules
what from the monocyte/ macrophage activates fibroblasts?
IL-1 beta and TNF alpha
how does diabetes affect perio?
greater prevalence, severity, extent and progression for diabetics
