System software

Question 1

What is an operating system and what does it do?

Answer 1

A group of programs that manage the computer’s resources.

Question 2

What are the functions of an operating system?

Answer 2

Providing a user interface, Memory management, Peripheral management, User management, File management, Multitasking

Question 3

What does a user interface do?

Answer 3

It enables users to interact with computer hardware

Question 4

What are the different types of user interfaces?

Answer 4

Graphical user interfaces, command-line interfaces, Voice activated interfaces

Question 5

What does WIMP stand for?

Answer 5

Windows Icons Menus Pointers

Question 6

What is system software?

Answer 6

Software that controls computer hardware and acts as a platform for other software

Question 7

What are the advantages of using a command-line interface?

Answer 7

It is quicker to use and requires less memory

Question 8

What are the disadvantages of using a command-line interface?

Answer 8

It is hard to understand for the everyday user and commands have to be typed precisely

Question 9

What is a device driver?

Answer 9

A program that controls the peripheral devices

Question 10

What is user management?

Answer 10

The management of usernames and passwords as well as what permissions the accounts have

Question 11

What are the two types of software in system software?

Answer 11

Application software, Utility software

Question 12

What are examples of utility software?

Answer 12

Data Compression software, Antivirus software, Defragmentation software, Encryption software, Backup software

Question 13

What does defragmentation software do?

Answer 13

It arranges fragments of files in the same place on the disk so that the arm doesn’t have to move much which makes read times faster and frees up space

Question 14

What does backup software do?

Answer 14

It makes sure that regular copies of data are made so that data is not totally deleted

Question 15

What are the two types of backup?

Answer 15

Incremental, Full

Question 16

How does an incremental backup work?

Answer 16

Copies are made from files that have been edited since the last backup

Question 17

How does full backup work?

Answer 17

A copy of every file on the computer is made which takes up a lot of storage and is time consuming

Question 18

What are the 3 main types of malware?

Answer 18

Trojan, Worm, Virus

Question 19

What is a virus?

Answer 19

A program that attaches itself to other programs to replicate itself. It harms computers by deleting and modifying files

Question 20

What is a worm?

Answer 20

A program that replicates itself without the need of attaching itself to other files. It harms computers and networks by slowing them down

Question 21

What is a trojan?

Answer 21

A programs that pretends to have good intentions but actually intends to do harm to a computer

Question 22

What is social engineering?

Answer 22

The act of exploiting humans to gain access to data

Question 23

What are other threats to computers aside from malware?

Answer 23

Brute force attack, Denial of service attack, SQL Injection, Data interception and theft, Phishing, Poor network policy, People

Question 24

What is an SQL Injection?

Answer 24

Where SQL code is inserted as data input and can cause data in a database to be changed

Question 25

How are threats to networks prevented?

Answer 25

Penetration testing, Network policies, Encryption, Anti-malware software, User Access levels, Firewalls, Physical Security

Question 26

What do firewalls do?

Answer 26

They prevent hackers from accessing files on a network as well as block access to inappropriate sites

Question 27

What is penetration testing?

Answer 27

Testing done by employed hackers to see whether a network can withstand an attack

Question 28

What are example of physical security?

Answer 28

CCTV cameras to detect intruders that might try to steal hard drives, Security locks at the entrance of rooms containing hard drives with sensitive data.

Question 29

What does file management software allow users to do?

Answer 29

Move files, Rename files, Create files, Edit files, Delete files, Restore deleted files, Set access rights to files

Question 30

How does anti-malware software work?

Answer 30

A computer is scanned and any malware detected is removed and is kept in the company's database so they can identify the malware if it infects another computer

Question 31

What is the difference between anti-malware and anti-virus?

Answer 31

Anti-virus provides real time scans of file while anti-malware provides periodic scans, Anti-malware is more up-to-date than anti-virus