System Fundamentals Flashcards
Why could a new system be created?
a new system could be created to replace one that is no longer suitable for its purpose: It is outdated, inefficient or redundant
What is the process of planning
the process of planning is to think about various details and organising the activities required to reach the desired goal
List 5 things that may have an impact on planning
-lack of stakeholders and end user anticipation
-lack of end user ownership to a system
-lack of attention to required training
-lack of attention to various organisation issues
-lack of guiding organisation and business strategies
What is a feasibility report?
a report that analyses and evaluates a project and its potential, based on the technical, economic, legal, operational and schedule criteria. This decides whether a project will be pursued
Explain the 5 types of feasibility that would be
technical-can existing tech work in the new system
economic- is it cost effective
legal- does it follow laws
operational- do existing practices and procedures support the maintenance and operation of the new system
schedule- how long will it take
What is change Management?
the process of moving individuals, departments and organisations from the current state to the desired state
What is the goal of change management?
maximise benefits and limit negative impacts of change on individuals
What is a legacy system and what about it needs to be paid attention to by administrators?
a legacy system is old hardware, computer systems and application programs
The exchange of data between new systems and legacy systems
Give 2 reasons why legacy systems may be used
data can not be converted to newer formats
apps cannot be updated
What is a business merger?
the combining of 2 or more business entities
Give 4 strategies of integration.
give a con for each
-develop both to have the same function(high maintenance)
-select the best systems from each and combine them (difficult for employees)
-select 1 and drop the other (policy issues)
-replace both with a new one(high initial cost)
What is software incompatibility?
when business entities or systems cannot operate satisfactorily
What is change over?
changeover is the purpose of retiring the old system and implementing the new system
explain these changeover methods:
parallel
big bang/direct
parallel- both systems run at the same time for a while, very popular due to limited risk. However, it is not very cost efficient
big bang- the new system is implemented and the old system is terminated at the same time has a very high risk, the system may not work as expected
explain these changeover methods:
pilot
phased
pilot- only used in large organisations that have multiple sites. One site tests it and if it is liked it is extended to the other sites via direct changeover
phased- one module of the system at a time is changed. This method is very slow
What can business systems operate on
locally hosted system-can be used for larger and complex systems
remote hosted system-most appropriate when there is no necessary hardware
What is SaaS?
a method that allows software and data to be hosted and managed centrally on a remote datacentre-users pay a subscription. This is on the cloud and requires internet access.
Give 3 benefits of SaaS
-cheaper than other options: low initial cost and low maintenance
- a wide range of devices support it
-few software updates and few it technicians required
Give 3 limitations of SaaS
-data loss if the provider goes out of business
-integration with other SaaS solutions or Software is difficult
- the performance of a browser when using SaaS is lower
List 3 things that may happen without proper user documentation
-programs and systems may become increasingly complex as their aim becomes more complicated
-the product functions may not be as clear for the user(user and developer think differently)
-Users may not know how to use the product to its full capacity
List 4 things that proper internal documentation should include
- appropriate use of constant identifiers
- appropriate module headers
-appropriate code structuring
-appropriate comments
List all the 7 methods of user documentation
-FAQ’S
-User/Embedded assistance
-email support
- Live chat sessions
-remote desktop connections
-Manuals
-online/web portals
Explain the 2 types of testing
-Functional testing: tests individual parts of the data such as menu functions to see that they all work properly
- Data testing- testing extreme, abnormal and normal data in the system
List the 4 possible outcomes of data testing
-normal: data that should be accepted
- abnormal data: data that is not expected to be entered
- data at the limits: data that is at the boundary of being accepted
-extreme: should be rejected when tested
What is Validation?
the process of evaluating whether data input follows
What is Verification?
