system design basics Flashcards

1
Q

define term “hardware”

A

physical parts of computer and referred devices

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2
Q

define term “software”

A

general term that describes computer programs or sets of instructions

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3
Q

define term “peripheral”

A

A computer peripheral is any external device that provides input and output for the computer

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4
Q

define term “network”

A

multiple devices that communicate with one another using a transmission medium

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5
Q

define term “human resources”

A

both the people who work for a company or organization and the department responsible for managing resources related to employees

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6
Q

so what are the five parts of a computer system?

A

hardware, software, peripheral, network and human resources

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7
Q

there are two main kinds of issues that may occur in a networked world. can you give few examples of eaxh please?

A

ethical and social

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8
Q

who or what is a stakeholder

A

person, group or organization that has interest or concern in an organization

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9
Q

who is an internal and who is the external stakeholder?

A

internal is usually group of people who develop and rule the system and then they release it to the external stakeholders

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10
Q

what three questions should you consider when identifying the stakeholders?

A

who will the new system affect?
who will the end-users be?
what are their needs?

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11
Q

what is utilitarism?

A

when you try to design a system for the greatest good for the greatest number of people

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12
Q

can you name some methods of obtaining requirements?

A

surveys, interviews, direct observation, collecting documents (not personal ones - teacher had in mind statistics and hystorical documents)

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13
Q

is nathaniel a femboy? why?

A

part time. he is bored sometimes.

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14
Q

what are the pros and cons of observation?

A
  • people might not behave the same way as they would when not directly knowing that theyre being observed.
    + collecting direct data from the people first handedly.
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15
Q

what are the pros and cons of interviews?

A
  • its very very taking besides the fact that theoretically its not necessarilly displaying truth.
    + detailed information about what people like an dnot like
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16
Q

what are the pros and cons of surveys?

A

+ more people answering - more reliable and simple and easy to analyes
- BUT not as accurate and cant go too deep

17
Q

what are the pros and cons of collecting documents or research ?

A

+ very accurate and better acces to the opinions
- takes lots of time

18
Q

what are the four steps of designing a new system?

A

determine stakeholders, obtain requirements, gather information for the system (analysing the current system - are there any products that meet the demand? and how is the current one working - if there is one), start designing the new system

19
Q

what are the four ways to gather information?

A

examining current systems, looking at competing products, organizational capabilities, literature searches (web/books)
also look around and see who does what and how do they do that as well as look at the competing products

20
Q

what is intelectual property?

A

something that have made or bought what other people made - so idea alone doesnt count

21
Q

what are the organisational abilities?

A

can we afford this? how to teach people how to use it? can they have any downtime to upgrade?

22
Q

what’s the difference between peer to peer and client/server method of connection?

A

p2p is connected to other users too while client/server is only between the two

23
Q

what is a router in easy words?

A

the thing that connects local area network to another one

24
Q

what does dns do?

A

It “deciphers” the link into an ip address because your computer cannot understand names as in letters - only numbers

25
Q

what are the three types of functioning illustrations?

A

system flow chart - rhomboid yes/no thingy
data flow diagram - like the presentation of snakes
structure chart - the one that you made for geography

26
Q

explain data flow diagram

A

maps the flow of information

27
Q

explain structure chart

A

it has hierarchy and it works as a “presentational” thing

28
Q

define prototypes

A

very abstract representation of a final product

29
Q

what are the types of prototypes?

A

copying looks, work style and testing results

30
Q

what are the major purposes of prototypes?

A

failure is not such a major problem
gather more accurate requirements - it’s easier for people to talk about the product when they can imagine what’s it about a bit better
understand the problem, like how it works

31
Q

why is it important to repeat the whole process?

A

it gives us an opportunity to make things better and learn and just upgrade the product.