System Design Flashcards
Master System Design Terms
CPU Registers Access Time
0.5 nanoseconds
L1 cache access
0.9 nanoseconds
L2 cache access
2.8 nanoseconds
L3 cache access
12.9 nano seconds
Reading 1 MB from Memory
9 micro seconds
SSD Write Latency
100-1000 microseconds
Round trip in the same data center takes around 500 microseconds
Read 1MB sequentially from disk
2 ms
Disk seek time
4 ms
Intrazone network latency
5 ms
Network round trip between two zones (inter-zone) - including reading 1GB of sequential data from memory on the same server
1ms - 100ms
Password Hashing Algo
100ms - 1000ms
Response Time Equation
Time (latency) + Time (processing)
Effective API Average Response Time
0.1 - 1 second
Seconds to MicroSeconds
1 / 1000000 (µs)
Seconds to Milliseconds
1 / 1000 (ms)
Seconds to NanoSeconds
1 / 1000000000 (ns)
DNS Lookup
time to resolve the IP address against a domain name through a DNS server
TCP Handshake
time to establish an initial connection between the client and the server
SSL/TLS handshake
time to create a secure communication channel for data exchange
Transfer start
time to acquire the first byte of the requested data in the response message. Includes both RTT get/post (round trip time of get/post) messages and processing time at the server end
Transfer start formula
RTT get/post + Time (processing)
Download
Time taken by a client to fetch the complete data
Base Time
Generally includes DNS lookup, TCP handshake and SSL/TLS handshake
Latency
Base Time + RTT get/post + download time
