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My AWS Personal > SysOps > Flashcards

SysOps Flashcards

1
Q

What is RDS Multi-AZ

A

Provisions and maintains a standby replica in an alternate AZ

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2
Q

Is RDS Multi-AZ synchronous or asynchronous replication?

A

synchronous

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3
Q

Is multi-az a tool to help performance?

A

No. Only fault tolerance

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4
Q

Is RDS Multi-AZ a customer, or AWS responsibility?

A

AWS. It is a managed service

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5
Q

What two ways can multi-az RDS be turned on?

A

Console or API

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6
Q

True or false. Replication can cause higher write latency?

A

True. Provisioned IOPS is recommended to solve this issue.

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7
Q

What can trigger an RDS failover?

A

Loss of availability in the primary
Loss of network connectivity to the primary
Resource failure with the underlying virtualization
Storage failure
DB instance server type is changed
maintenance

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8
Q

How is an RDS failover completed?

A

DNS is automatically updated to point to the standby

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9
Q

How can you be notified of a failover event?

A

RDS Event Notification will notify via email or SMS
API or console to manually check events
API or console to check the state of multi-az

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10
Q

What does RDS Event Notifications use to notify?

A

Amazon SNS

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11
Q

To which RDS event catagories can you subscribe?

A 
DB instance
DB snapshot
DB parameter group
DB security group
DB Instances
DB Cluster
DB Cluster Snapshot
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12
Q

True or false: New EBS Volumes operate at maximum performance?

A

True

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13
Q

When would an EBS volume initialization NOT perform at max?

A

Snapshot restores do not operate at maximum

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14
Q

How do you ensure EBS snapshot restores operate at maximum performance?

A

Initialize it by reading all the blocks.

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15
Q

What utilities can be used to initialize EBS snapshot restored volumes?

A

dd (dee-dee)

fio (fi-yo)

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16
Q

How can you resize the root volume?

A

Create a snapshot
Create a volume
Stop instance and detach current colume
Attach new volume at same mount point

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17
Q

An organization configures ELB with auto-scaling. If an instance health check returns impaired, what will auto-scaling do?

A

Terminate the instance and launch a new one

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18
Q

How can you need to troubleshoot an application with autoscaling, how can you do this without triggering scaling activities?

A

You can suspend scaling. This is referred to as an administrative suspension.

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19
Q

How can autoscaling be suspended via the console?

A

Under suspended processes in the details tab of the auto-scaling group.

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20
Q

What is Amazon Import/Export?

A

An AWS service that allows you to mail portable media to Amazon who will then upload your data on your behalf. Typically used for large amounts of data.

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21
Q

Do all consolidated billing members get reserved instance pricing when any one account member has reserved instances?

A

Yes, as long as they are of the same size and in the same zone.

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22
Q

During a new EC2 launch, what is AWS’s recommendation for availability zone selection?

A

Leave blank and let AWS select the AZ. When creating new EC2 instances for failover, then manually select an AZ.

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23
Q

Does SNS support detailed monitoring?

A

No, only basic monitoring.

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24
Q

in a multi-region EC2 deployment, how can high availability be configured with minimal downtime that optimizes application response time?

A

Create a route-53 latency-based routing record set that resolves to ELBs in each region and has the Evaluate Target Health flag set to true.

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25
Q

True or false: During an auto-scaling rebalancing operation, EC2 instances are terminated before new ones are initialized?

A

False. New EC2 instances are created prior to terminating an instance.

26
Q

Since auto-scaling creates an instance prior to terminating an instance, how is auto-scaling rebalancing possible when an auto-scale instance capacity is at max?

A

Rebalancing operations can exceed maximum auto-scaling instance capacity by 10%, or by 1 instance, whichever is greater.

27
Q

To which of the below end points is SNS unable to notify?

Email JSON
HTTP
SQS
SES

A

SES

28
Q

How can one account join a consolidated billing organization?

A

The payee (Master account) must request the linked account to join, then the linked account must accept. Once done, the bills will be paid by the payee account.

29
Q

When ELB connection draining is enabled, what is the minimum and maximum keep-alive for existing connections?

A

1 to 3600 seconds (1 hour)

30
Q

during ELB connection draining, what happens to existing an existing connection after the keep-alive time out period is passed?

A

The connection is forcibly closed

31
Q

What statistics aggregation does CloudWatch suport?

A 
Sum
Min
Max
Sample
Average
32
Q

In a Hardware Security Model (HSM) what is the function of the Transport Data Encryption (TDE)?

A

Reduce the risk of confidential data theft

33
Q

Which Elastic Beanstalk deployment method allows you to revert to the previous good deployment by swapping URLs?

A

blue/green depolyments

34
Q

What are some tools for automating the implementation of applications on top of cloud resources?

A

AWS OpsWorks, or third party tools such as Chef, Puppet, or Anisble

35
Q

What is the difference between fault tolerance and high availability?

A

High availability concerns the automated replacement of failed resources within a reasonable amount of time.
Fault tolerant concerns the ability of an application to withstand loss without any downtime.

36
Q

How would you create an alert if you exceeded your monthly budget before the month ends?

A

Enable notifications under the Budget capabilities

37
Q

Which AWS Cloud service would you use to import an existing VM into EC2?

A

VM Import/Export

38
Q

What are some tools used to view current billing and cost breakdown?

A

Cost explorers and Bills

39
Q

What is the maximum memory that can be allocated to a single function?

A

3008MB

40
Q

In Lambda, what are the memory allocation increments?

A

64MB

41
Q

What is the default limit for conncurrent Lambda executions?

A

1000

42
Q

What is the maximum GET/PUT rate for S3 before special considerations are needed for scaling?

A

3500/s PUT/POST/DELETE per prefix

5500/s GET per prefix

43
Q

What 2 simple ways can you increase S3 performance?

A

Parralelize requests.

Use cloudfront

44
Q

If an autoscaling group is set to double ona scale event, and the max instances is 12, what happens on the next scale event that has 8 instances?

A

The max instances will be reached (12). The scale event will not stay at 8, and it will not exceed 12.

45
Q

How many tags can you assign per resource?

A

50

46
Q

What languages does Lambda support?

A 
Java
Go
PowerShell
Node.js
C3
Python
Ruby
47
Q

Can Bastion hosts be allocated EIP?

A

Yes

48
Q

True or False: Bastion hosts are an AWS managed service?

A

False. Because Bastion host OS is accessed by customers, bastions are customer managed.

49
Q

Which metrics would use to check how many of your application servers are available on a load balanced EC2 group?

A

HealthyHostCount

50
Q

Which service does Systems Manager integrate with to give you visibility of the overall health of your AWS infrastructure?

A

CloudWatch

51
Q

By default, how frequently are ELB metrics published to CloudWatch?

A

Every 1 minute

52
Q

Which two classic load balancing metrics can you use to determine high-traffic related issues?

A

RequestCount

SpilloverCount

53
Q

Which two metrics for ELB can be used to determine if you have reached maximum connections for your load balancer?

A

SurgeQueueLength

SpilloverCount

54
Q

What is the maximum IOPS for Nitro instance storage?

A

80,000

55
Q

What is the maximum IOPS for Nitro EBS storage?

A

64,000

56
Q

In IAM, if a rule has an explicit deny and an explicit allow, which rule will override the other?

A

Explicit deny

57
Q

What are the 4 types of IAM Roles?

A
  1. AWS Service Roles
  2. AWS Service-linked roles
  3. Roles for cross-account access
  4. Role for identity provider access
58
Q

What is an AWS Service Role

A

A role that allows access to AWS services

59
Q

What is an AWS Service-linked Role

A

Roles that allow permission to spcialized services such as Alexa

60
Q

What is Cross-Zone Load Balancing in ELB?

A

distributes traffic evenly across all targets in the Availability Zones

My AWS Personal (3 decks)

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