Synthetic Routes Flashcards by Omar Salih

Q

Alkene -> Alkane

A

H2 Nickel Catalyst

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Q

Alkene -> Alcohol

A

H20 (steam) H3PO4

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Q

Alkane -> Haloalkane

A

Halogen + UV

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Q

Haloalkane -> Nitrile

A

CN- dissolved in Ethanol

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Q

Haloalkane -> Amine

A

Ammonia dissolved in Ethanol

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Q

Haloalkane -> Alcohol

A

NaOH (aq)

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Q

Alcohol -> Haloalkane

A

Sodium Halide / Sulphuric Acid

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Q

Alcohol -> Alkene

A

H3PO4 or H2SO4 with Heat

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Q

Primary Alcohol -> Aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4 (distill)

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Q

Aldehyde -> Carboxylic Acid

A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4 (reflux)

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Q

Secondary Alcohol -> Ketone

A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4 (reflux)

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Q

Aldehyde -> Alcohol

A

NaBH4

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Q

Aldehyde -> Hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN (aq) / H+

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Q

Ketone -> Hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN (aq) / H+

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Q

Hydroxynitrile -> Amine

A

H2 Nickle Catalyst

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Q

Nitrile -> Carboxylic Acid

A

H20 / HCl (heat)

Q

Alcohol -> Ester

A

Carboxylic Acid / Concentrated H2SO4 or Acid Anhydride

Q

Carboxylic Acid -> Ester

A

Alcohol / Conc H2SO4

Q

Ester -> Carboxylic Acid

A

Dilute acid with heat

Q

Carboxylic Acid -> Acyl Chloride

A

SOCL2

Q

Acyl Chloride -> Carboxylic Acid

A

water

Q

Acyl Chloride -> Primary amide

A

Ammonia

Q

Acyl Chloride -> Secondary Amide

A

Primary Amine

Q

Acyl Chloride -> Ester

A

Alcohol

Q

Ester -> Carboxylate

A

OH- and Heat