Syntax

Question 1

What are three important features of syntactic categories?

Answer 1

Each syntactic category is: restricted syntactically, associated morphologically, associated semantically

Question 2

What is the phrase structure rule for a sentence?

Answer 2

S > NP VP

Question 3

What is the phrase structure rule for a Noun Phrase?

Answer 3

NP> (D) (Premod) N (Complement) (Postmod)

Question 4

What is the phrase structure rule for a Verb Phrase?

Answer 4

VP> (AdvP) Vgp (NP) (AdvP) (PP)

Question 5

What is the phrase structure rule for a Verb Group?

Answer 5

Vgp> (Aux) (V)

Question 6

What is the phrase structure rule for an Adjective Phrase?

Answer 6

AdjP> (Premod) Adj (Complement)

Question 7

What is the phrase structure rule for a Prepositional Phrase?

Answer 7

PP> P Complement

Question 8

How can adjuncts be described?

Answer 8

‘optional elements’ which are not grammatically required such as ADVERBS

Question 9

How can predicates be described?

Answer 9

a predicate is required to make a clause - it describes an action, event or state. Most common are verbs.

Question 10

How can syntactic arguments be described?

Answer 10

arguments are required of predicates. They can fulfil the Subject or Object roles.