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Language Features and Syntax > Syntax > Flashcards

Syntax Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 characteristics must a GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT SENTENCE have?

A
  1. Correct punctuation (capital letter and full stop)2. It must have a finite verb3. It must have a subject4. It must make complete sense by itself
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2
Q

What punctuation does a GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT SENTENCE need?

A

Must start with a capital letter and end with a full stop/exclamation mark/question mark

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3
Q

What is a FINITE VERB?

A

A verb that has a specific tense

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4
Q

What is the SUBJECT of a SENTENCE?

A

The person/thing that does the action described by the verb

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5
Q

Identify the SUBJECT in the following SENTENCESally was a very good singer.

A

Sally

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6
Q

Identify the SUBJECT in the following SENTENCEHe collected all the Beatles’ records.

A

He

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7
Q

Identify the SUBJECT in the following SENTENCEThe cat and the dog fought from dawn to dusk.

A

The cat, The dog

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8
Q

What is a DIRECT OBJECT?

A

The noun or pronoun which is on the receiving end of the action undertaken by the subject of the sentence

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9
Q

Identify the DIRECT OBJECT in the following SENTENCEHe sold the car.

A

The car

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10
Q

Identify the INDIRECT OBJECT in the following SENTENCEShe offered Eric a job.

A

Eric

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11
Q

Identify the INDIRECT OBJECT in the following SENTENCEPlease pass your brother the salt.

A

Your brother

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12
Q

Identify the INDIRECT OBJECT in the following SENTENCEYou have written me an interesting letter.

A

Me

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13
Q

What is an INDIRECT OBJECT?

A

The person/thing to whom something is given or for whom something is done

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14
Q

What is a PHRASE?

A

A group of words which does not contain a subject or a finite verb

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15
Q

What is a CLAUSE?

A

A group of words that makes sense on its own because it contains a SUBJECT and a FINITE VERB

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16
Q

For the following sentence, identify the CLAUSEHe chose the dog with the pointed ears.

A

He chose the dog

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17
Q

For the following sentence, identify the PHRASEHe chose the dog with the pointed ears.

A

with the pointed ears

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18
Q

For the following sentence, identify the CLAUSEHe sang with great skill.

A

He sang

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19
Q

For the following sentence, identify the PHRASEHe sang with great skill.

A

with great skill

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20
Q

For the following sentence, identify the CLAUSEHe washes all the windows in the house.

A

He washes

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21
Q

For the following sentence, identify the PHRASEHe washes all the windows in the house.

A

all the windows in the house

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22
Q

For the following sentence, identify the CLAUSEPanting hard, he struggled to catch his breath.

A

he struggled to catch his breath

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23
Q

For the following sentence, identify the PHRASEPanting hard, he struggled to catch his breath.

A

Panting hard

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24
Q

What is a MAIN CLAUSE/INDEPENDENT CLAUSE?

A

A clause that makes complete sense on its own - it is a sentence in its own right

25
Q

What is a SUBORDINATE CLAUSE?

A

Contains a subject and a finite verb, but cannot stand alone and make sense

26
Q

Is the clause in capital letters a MAIN CLAUSE or a SUBORDINATE CLAUSE?When I pushed the button THE MUSIC GOT LOUDER.

A

Main

27
Q

Is the clause in capital letters a MAIN CLAUSE or a SUBORDINATE CLAUSE?WHEN I PUSHED THE BUTTON the music got louder.

A

Subordinate

28
Q

Is the clause in capital letters a MAIN CLAUSE or a SUBORDINATE CLAUSE?THE HORSE, which I recognised as mine, HAD A PLAITED MANE

A

Main

29
Q

Is the clause in capital letters a MAIN CLAUSE or a SUBORDINATE CLAUSE?The horse, WHICH I RECOGNISED AS MINE, had a plaited mane.

A

Subordinate

30
Q

What kind of CONJUNCTIONS do CLAUSES of equal importance get joined with?

A

Co-ordinating

31
Q

List the FANBOYS (co-ordinating) CONJUNCTIONS

A

For, and, nor, but, or, yet, so

32
Q

List some SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

A

When, because, although, while, since, if

33
Q

Is the following CONJUNCTION CO-ORDINATING or SUBORDINATING?And

A

Co-ordinating

34
Q

Is the following CONJUNCTION CO-ORDINATING or SUBORDINATING?But

A

Co-ordinating

35
Q

Is the following CONJUNCTION CO-ORDINATING or SUBORDINATING?Nor

A

Co-ordinating

36
Q

Is the following CONJUNCTION CO-ORDINATING or SUBORDINATING?When

A

Subordinating

37
Q

Is the following CONJUNCTION CO-ORDINATING or SUBORDINATING?To

A

Subordinating

38
Q

Is the following CONJUNCTION CO-ORDINATING or SUBORDINATING?Although

A

Subordinating

39
Q

Is the following CONJUNCTION CO-ORDINATING or SUBORDINATING?Since

A

Subordinating

40
Q

Is the following CONJUNCTION CO-ORDINATING or SUBORDINATING?While

A

Subordinating

41
Q

How many MAIN CLAUSES does a SIMPLE SENTENCE contain?

A

One

42
Q

How many FINITE VERBS does a SIMPLE SENTENCE have?

A

One

43
Q

How many MAIN CLAUSES does a COMPOUND SENTENCE contain?

A

Two or more

44
Q

Define a COMPOUND SENTENCE

A

Two or more simple sentences joined by a co-ordinating conjunction or by a semi-colon. They can never be joined by a comma alone.

45
Q

How many MAIN CLAUSES does a COMPLEX SENTENCE contain?

A

One (and one or more subordinate clauses)

46
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?Bill laughed.

A

Simple

47
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?I put more wood on the fire, and we settled down for a cosy night.

A

Compound

48
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?While I was chopping the wood you were snoring in bed.

A

Complex

49
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?The horse remained in the stable.

A

Simple

50
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?Bill didn’t own a car so he seldom went for a drive.

A

Compound

51
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?I placed the poker, which by then was red-hot, on the hearth.

A

Complex

52
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?After nine o’clock a very tired Mary and Harry walked slowly back from the beach.

A

Simple

53
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?You should be proud of your son; he came top of the class.

A

Compound

54
Q

Is the following sentence SIMPLE, COMPOUND or COMPLEX?When the clock struck he entered the room.

A

Complex

55
Q

What is the MAIN CLAUSE in this COMPLEX SENTENCE?While I was chopping the wood you were snoring in bed.

A

you were snoring in bed

56
Q

What is the MAIN CLAUSE in this COMPLEX SENTENCE?I placed the poker, which by then was red-hot, on the hearth.

A

I placed the poker on the hearth

57
Q

What is the MAIN CLAUSE in this COMPLEX SENTENCE?When the clock struck he entered the room.

A

he entered the room

58
Q

What is a COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE?

A

A combination of compound and complex sentences. It has two main clauses and at least one subordinate clause

Language Features and Syntax (3 decks)

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