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eng lang > syntax > Flashcards

syntax Flashcards

1
Q

what is syntax

A

study of sentence structures and the rules governing how to put together sentences

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2
Q

what is a phrase

A

parts of a sentence, cant make sentence alone

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3
Q

noun phrase

A

contains noun and word describing noun eg THE DANCING GOAT looked silly

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4
Q

verb phrase

A

main verb plus any related words eg the song WAS PLAYED LOUDLY TO THE AUDIENCE

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5
Q

adjective phrase

A

group of words functioning as an adjective eg they wore a BRIGHTLY COLOURED FUZZY RED coat

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6
Q

prepositional phrase

A

consists of preposition + object of preposition + other modifiers eg i will see you IN THE MORNING

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7
Q

adverb phrase

A

consists of adverb or words acting as adverbs within a sentence eg the time passed SO SLOWLY

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8
Q

what is a clause

A

the building block of sentences consisting of subject and predicate

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9
Q

subject

A

main noun interacting with the verb eg SHE gave the dog a treat

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10
Q

predicate

A

everything not included in the subject eg the potato cakes WERE FRIED LAST THURSDAY

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11
Q

direct object

A

noun phrase directly affected by the verb eg me in she likes me

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12
Q

indirect object

A

indirect object eg the walls in he gave the walls a fresh paint

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13
Q

independent clause

A

can stand alone in a sentence eg the cat meowed

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14
Q

dependent/subordinate clause

A

cant stand alone eg because she was angry

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15
Q

what are the 5 sentence structures

A
  • fragment
  • simple sentence
  • compound sentence
  • complex sentence
  • compound-complex sentence
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16
Q

sentence fragment

A

act as sentence but not complete eg under the bed

17
Q

simple sentence

A

contains single independent clause eg mary likes tea

18
Q

compound sentence

A

contains at least 2 main clauses joined by conjunction or semicolon eg mary went to work but john went to the party

19
Q

complex sentence

A

contains single independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses eg our dog barks when she hears a noise

20
Q

compound-complex sentence

A

must have 3 clauses in total eg john didn’t come home because he was ill so Mary was not happy

21
Q

what is a sentence type

A

refers to purpose of sentence
- declarative
- interrogative
- imperative
- exclamatory

22
Q

declarative sentence

A

to assert/state something eg it is raining outside

23
Q

interrogative sentence

A

forms questions/interrogates eg why is the cat inside

24
Q

imperative sentence

A

provides orders eg don’t be ridiculous!

25
Q

exclamatory sentence

A

demonstrates emotion eg you silly person!

eng lang (7 decks)

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