SYNTACTIC DEVELOPMENT: Sentence Types &Negation Flashcards
What is a declarative sentence?
a simple active sentence
e.g. Caitlin hit me
Increasing the number of elements
When do children develop SVO sentences
By 30 months children develop basic subject + verb + object (SVO) sentence structure.
What happens at brown stage III?
By Brown’s stage III child/LARSP IV, children add auxiliary verbs:
“do, have, can, be” and the modal (likelihood, ability) aux “will”
subject + auxiliary + verb + object
Mummy is eating icecream,
I’ll drive that
What happens at brown stage IV?
In Brown’s stage IV/LARSP V, groups of 3 verbs appear:
subject + auxiliary + copula + complement (Daddy will be here)
Declaratives with double auxiliaries (You will have to do it)
What happens at brown stage V?
In Brown’s stage V children acquire indirect objects
subject + verb + indirect object + object
He gave me the ball
subject + verb + object + to + indirect object
He gave the ball to me
Why the difference?
Brown = ‘will start to appear at …’
LARSP = ‘will see it in a snapshot 30 mins sample’
what is an imperative sentence?
a command, e.g. carry me
When do imperative appear?
imperatives start to appear early, as soon as a child starts to put two words together (~18 months).
What are the 4 adult forms of negation?
not and n’t attached to the verb
determiner no used before nouns or noun-like words, e.g. no cookie for you!
negative words, e.g. nobody, nothing, never, nowhere
negative prefixes, e.g. un-, dis-, non-
When does negation emerge?
Brown stage 1
No (sometimes not) attached either to the beginning or end of the sentence e.g.
- Not a teddy bear
- No singing song
Brown stage 2 of sentence negation
Most of the time no/not goes inside the sentence.
At first, children think of can’t, don’t and won’t as forms of not rather than combinations of can/do/will + not.
Can, will and do rarely appear in children’s affirmative sentences at this stage
Summarise negation development
stage 1 = ‘no’ or ‘not’ at the start of the sentence
‘no want it’
stage 2 = ‘not’, ‘can’t’, ‘don’t’ inside the sentence
‘I can’t do it’
‘you not happy’
stage 3 = -ve with sophisticated syntax
with aux V ‘I’m not shouting’
with ‘do’ support ‘He doesn’t want it’
