Synovial Joints Flashcards
What are some things that synovial joints have that cartilaginous or fibrous joints don’t have?
a present joint cavity and the bones aren’t directly connected to each other
What odes the bones not being directly connected help with?
Helps with moving smoothly and increasing joint mobility
Articular Capsule Definition
A fibrous connective tissue structure that is attached to each bone just outside the area of the bone’s articulating surface
Articular Cartilage Definition
a thin layer if hyaline cartilage that covers the entire articulating surface of each bone
Synovial Membrane Definition
lining of the inner surface of the articular capsule
Synovial Fluid Definition
thick, slimy fluid that provide lunrication to reduce friction between bones in a joint
What does synovial fluid provideand what to?
nourishment to the articular cartilage
What are synovial joints classified as?
Diarthrotic
Ligament definition
strong bands of fibrous connective tissue anchoring bones together to prevent seperation
Extrinsic Ligament Location
located outside the articular capsule
Intrinsic Ligament Location
fused to the wall of the articular capsule
Intracapsular Ligament Location
located inside the articular capsule
Tendon Definition
dense connective tissue structure that attatches a muscle to bone
Articular disc definition and shape
Acts as a barrier to provide smooth movement between articulating bones ; generally small and oval-like
Meniscus shape
larger than articular disc and c-shaped
Examples of articular discs
sternoclavicular joint and distal ends of the radius and ulna
Bursa definition
a thin connective tissue sac filled with lubricating liquid
Subcutaneous Bursa shape and examples
located between the skin and undelying bone ; prepatellar bursa over kneecap and olecranon bursa at tip of elbow
Submusclar bursa location and examples
found between muscle and underlying or adjacent bones ; trochanteric bursa found at laterla hip
Subtendinous bursa location and examples
found between tendon and bone ; subacromial bursa protecting tendon of shoulder muscle to the under acromion of the scapula
Tendon Sheath Definition
a connective tissue sac that surrounds a muscke tendon at places where the tendon crosses a joint
what are the 6 types of synovial joints?
pivot, hinge, ball-and-socket, condyloid, saddle, and plane
PIvot joint definition and examples
a uniaxial joint that is a rounded portion of a bone enclosed within a rig formed partially by the articulation with another bone and partially a ligament ; examples are the atlas and axis of the vertebrae
Hinge joint definition and examples
the cortex end of one bone articulates with the concave end of the adjoining bone that is classified as a uniaxial joint ; examples are knee, ankle, and interphalangeal joints
Condyloid Joint definition and examples
a shallow depression at the end of one bone articulates witha rounded structure from an adjacent bone that is classified as a biaxial joint ; examples are metcarpophalangeal joints
Saddle joint examples and definition
an articulating surface for the bones to have a saddle shape classified as a biaxial joint ; examples are base of the thumb
Plane Joint definition and examples
articulating surfaces of the bones are flat or slightly curveeed and of approximately the same size classified as mulitaxial joint ; examples are carpal bones of the wrist
Ball-and-Socket Joint defintion and examples
a rounded head of one bone fits into the concave articulation of another allowing it to be a multiaxial joint ; examples are the jip and shoulder joint
