Synovial Fluid

Question 1

What is Synovial fluid formed as?

Answer 1

An ultrafiltrate of plasma across the synovial membrane

Question 2

What tube do we use for glucose analysis of Synovial fluid?

Answer 2

Sodium Flouride tube

Question 3

What chemistry tests do we do for Synovial fluid?

Answer 3

Glucose
Protein
Uric Acid

Question 4

When do we see increased levels of Synovial fluid protein?

Answer 4

Inflammatory and hemorrhagic disorders

Question 5

What is a test that is not requested often in microscopic examination?

Answer 5

RBC count

Question 6

What do we need to do to a specimen if it is a very viscous fluid?

Answer 6

Treat it with Hyaluronidase before anyalsis

Question 7

What is an excess accumulation of mono sodium urate crystals in joints and tissues?

Answer 7

Gout

Question 8

What are the types of crystals seen in synovial fluid?

Answer 8

MSU (Uric acid crystals in gout)
CCPD (Seen in pseudo-gout)

Question 9

What are the characteristics of MSU (Monosodium Urate) Crystals?

Answer 9

Seen as needle shaped
Extracellular or in cytoplasm
Seen sticking through cytoplasm
Lyse phagosome membrane and do not appear in vacuoles

Question 10

How do CPPD (Calcium Pyrophosphate) Crystals appear?

Answer 10

Rhombic shaped or square
May appear as short rods

Question 11

How do we determine the presence of crystals?

Answer 11

Direct polarization
MSU and CPPD crystals polarize light