Synonyms & antonyms 1 Flashcards
Forsake
1- Abandon;
Children forsaken by their parents.
2- give up, to stop doing something;
I won’t forsake my vegetarian principles
Abbreviate
Shorten;
Network is often abbreviated to “net”
- the marriage ceremony was abbreviated by rain
- باران موجب شد که مراسم ازدواج کوتاه بشود.
- an abbreviated story
- داستان خلاصه شده
Aptitude
Ability;
Aptitude of expression.
Children with an aptitude for painting and drawing.
Scanty
Insufficient ;
His scanty wages.
- our scanty supply of food and water
- موجودی اندک خوراک و آب ما
- a scanty bathing suit
- لباس شنای نابسنده
- a dry land with scanty vegetation
- سرزمینی خشک با گیاهان کمپشت
Attain
Achieve, accomplish;
Clarify your objectives and ways of attaining them.
- that country attained its independence two years ago
- آن کشور دو سال پیش استقلال خود را به دست آورد.
- Aunt Mehri attained the age of ninety
- عمه مهری به سن نود سالگی رسید.
Condense
Shorten ;
The morning play on Saturday was condensed into a half-hour package.
- steam can condense into water
- هوا میتواند تقطیر و تبدیل به آب شود.
- to condense a novel into a few pages
- رمانی را درچند صفحه خلاصه کردن
Incompetence
Inability;
The report blamed police incompetence for the tragedy.
Overheard
Above;
A plane flew overhead
Lethargic
Having little energy; feeling unwilling and unable to do anything:
I felt tired and a little lethargic
- hot,humid weather makes me lethargic
- هوای گرم و مرطوب مرا کسل میکند.
Ample
Sufficient;
There is ample time for discussion.
- he had placed his hands over his ample stomach
- دستانش را روی شکم گندهاش قرار داده بود.
- ample breasts
- پستانهای بزرگ
- it is amply clear that he is not interested in buying the house
- پرواضح است که مایل به خرید خانه نیست.
Sparse
Existing only in small amounts, insufficient
areas of sparse population.
Sparsely populated area.
He’s sparse brown hair.
Abundant
Sufficient;
There was abundant evidence to support the theory.
- the promise of a more abundant life
- نوید یک زندگی مرفهتر
- a fair and abundant land
- یک سرزمین زیبا و غنی
- abundantly, adv.
- به حد وفور، به فراوانی، بسیار
- abundantly clear
- پرواضح، کاملا آشکار
Recess
temporarily stopped:
Congress returns from its August recess next week.
After lunch, the kids have recess
- summer recess
- تعطیلات تابستان
- the judge recessed the court for lunch
- قاضی برای ناهار به دادگاه تنفس داد.
- the school will be in recess for three weeks
- مدرسه سه هفته تعطیل خواهد بود.
- we placed the piano in the recess of the wall
- پیانو را در تورفتگی دیوار قرار دادیم.
- a large recess in the steep rock
- شکافی بزرگ در صخرهی پرشیب
Adamant
He is adamant that he is not going to resign.
- we told him not to resign, but he remained adamant
- به او گفتیم استعفا ندهد ولی سماجت نشان داد.
- he was adamantly opposed to new taxes
- سرسختانه با مالیاتهای جدید مخالف بود.
Idle
1- Lazy and not willing to work:
He is a very able student he is just bone idle (= very lazy)
2- not working or being used:
It’s crazy to have £7000 sitting idle in the bank.
Subtract
To remove a number from another number:
Four subtracted from ten equals six
Adjourn
To rest or pause during a meeting or a trial:
The meeting was adjourned until December 4.
- the trial was adjourned until tomorrow morning
- محاکمه به فردا موکول شد.
- the parliament adjourned for the summer
- پارلمان برای تابستان (موقتا) تعطیل شد.
Recommence
To start again or to start something again:
The war recommenced.
Courses have stopped for the summer, but will recommence in September.
Sluggish
Moving or operating more slowly than usual and with less energy or power:
Alex woke late feeling tired and sluggish.
Something is wrong with the car the engine feels sluggish.
- a sluggish worker
- کارگر کم کار
- a sluggish liver
- کبد تنبل
- when one gets old, one’s reflexes become sluggish
- وقتی انسان پیر میشود واکنشهایش کند میگردد.
- sluggish economic development
- پیشرفت اقتصادی آهسته
- a sluggish market
- بازار کساد
Grown-up
Adult:
He seems very grown up for a 10-year-old.
This book is a bit too grown up for you. (= you’re too young to understand this book.)
Unyielding
Completely unwilling to change a decision, opinion, demand, etc. (Opposite: yielding )
His unyielding faith.
Advocate
To publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or a way of doing something:
He was an untiring advocate of economic reform.
Assertive
Someone who is assertive behaves confidently and is not frightened to say what they want or believe:
If you really want to promotion, you’ll have to be more assertive.
The job may call for assertive behaviour.
- he defended his actions so assertively that everyone thought he was right
- با چنان سماجتی از اعمال خود دفاع میکرد که همه فکر کردند حق با اوست.
Pushy
Behaving in an unpleasant way by trying too much to get something or to make someone do something:
A pushy salesman.
About his future, he is rather pushy and choosy at the same time.
Militant
Active, determined and often willing to use force:
The army are in conflict with militant groups.
Militance became increasingly impatient of Parliamentary manoeuvres.
- militant powers
- نیروهای رزمنده
- the militant clergy
- روحانیون مبارز
- some of the more militant members of the party
- برخی از اعضای ستیزه جوتر حزب
Manoeuverable
Yielding, flexible:
A plane which was surprisingly fast and manoeuverable for its size
Novice
A person who is not experienced in a job or situation:
He was a complete novice in foreign affairs.
I’ve never driven a car before I’m a complete novice.
Postpone
To delay an event and plan or decide that it should happen at a later date or time:
They decided to postpone their holiday until next year.
The visit had to be postponed for some time.
Aspiring
Ambitious.
Someone who is trying to become a successful actor, politician writer, etc.
An aspiring artist.
I knew him when he was an aspiring young law student.
- aspiring to become an actor
- سخت آرزومند هنرپیشه شدن
- aspiring writers
- نویسندگان بلندپرواز
Driven
Someone who is driven is so determined to achieve something or be successful that all of their behaviour is directed towards this aim:
Like most of the lawyers that I know, Rachel is driven.
Hinder
To limit the ability of someone to do something, or to limit the development of something:
He is hindered by a lack of education.
Snow hindered the army’s progress
Antagonize
To make someone dislike you or feel opposed to you:
It’s a very delicate situation and I have no wish to antagonize him.
Two other drugs antagonised the anti-depressant like effect.
- he had antagonized all of the neighbors
- او همهی همسایهها را با خود بد کرده بود.
Provoke
- thought provoking
- تفکر انگیز
- to provoke a fight between two dogs
- دو سگ را به جنگ هم انداختن
- to provoke vomiting by fingering the throat
- با انگشت زدن به سق استفراغ ایجاد کردن
- to provoke Jamshid, he kept on coughing repeatedly
- او برای برانگیختن خشم جمشید پیدرپی سرفه میکرد.
- I was really provoked by the way he treated us
- طرز رفتار او با ما مرا واقعا بر آشفت.
- to provoke jeaiousy
- موجب حسادت شدن
- to provoke a smile
- باعث لبخند شدن
Outcry
A strong expression of anger and disapproval about something made by a group of people or by the public:
The release from prison of two of the terrorists has provoked a public outcry.
- an outcry of despair
- فریاد حاکی از نومیدی
- the outcry against cruel treatment of prisoners
- اعتراض پر سر و صدا نسبت به رفتار ظالمانه با زندانیان
Aggressive
Behaving in an angry and violent way towards another person:
If I criticise him, he gets aggressive and starts shouting
Embitter
To make someone feel embittered (= very angry about things that have happened to you):
He did not allow his suffering to embitter him
- his remarks embittered his enemies
- اظهارات او دشمنانش را آتشی کرد.
- repeated failure in examinations had embittered him
- شکست های مکرر در امتحانات کام او را تلخ کرده بود.
Soothe
To make someone feel calm or less worried:
To soothe a crying baby.
Soothe the pain.
Tranquilize
(Of a drug) having a calming or sedative effect on.
Tranquilize drugs.
Apparent
Obvious, evident:
Her unhappiness was apparent to everyone.
Obscure
Not known to many people, not obvious:
An obscure island in the Pacific.
His answer were Obscure and confusing.
- an obscure meaning
- معنی نامفهوم
- an obscure sound
- صدای غیر قابل تشخیص
- an obscure explanation
- توضیح غیر قابل درک
- an obscure scientist
- یک دانشمند گمنام
Ratify
1- (Specially of governments or organisations) to make an agreement official:
Many countries have now rectified the UN Convention on the rights of the child.
2- (ESP. of governments or organisations) to agree in writing to a set of rules, or to officially approve a decision or plan:
For country now ratified the agreement
Endorse
To make a public statement of your approval or support for something or someone, agree :
The council is expected to endorse the committee’s recommendations.
I certainly don’t endorse her views.
The report was endorsed by the college.
Censure
Strong criticism or disapproval; to criticise someone officially, disapprove
The company was heavily censured by inspectors from the Department of trade.
- their actions received the public censure of the church
- اعمال آنها مورد توبیخ کلیسا قرار گرفت.
- some deputies brought a motion to censure the government
- برخی از نمایندگان در خواست استیضاح دولت را کردند.
Depart
To go away or leave, especially on a journey
The plane departs at 6 a.m.
The train for Cambridge will depart from platform 9.
- when does the plane depart?
- هواپیما کی حرکت میکند؟
- we watched the soldiers depart for the front
- ما شاهد رهسپار شدن سربازان به جبهه بودیم.
- I am departing for Kish tomorrow
- فردا عازم کیش هستم.
arrogant
Unpleasantly proud and behaving as if you are more important than, or known more than other people:
I found him arrogant and rude
Haughty
Unfriendly and seeming to consider yourself better than other people:
She has a rather haughty manner.
Stuck-up
Too proud and considering yourself to be very important:
A bunch of stuck-up snobs
Synthetic
Artificial, fake:
Synthetic fibres.
Authentic
Real, not artificial:
The hotel even has an authentic Japanese garden.
Inquire
To ask for information:
How are you now? I’m improving thank you it’s kind of you to inquire
- Inquire after somebody or something*
- Inquire into something*
Atrocious
Awful, brutal, horrible:
Farm animals were treated most atrociously.
An atrocious joke.
He spoke English with an atrocious accent.
Dreadful
Causing fear, shock, or suffering; horrible:
The dreadful effects of climate change.
A dreadful storm.
Contemptible
Deserving contempt.
Contemptible behaviour.
Vile
Unpleasant, immoral, and unacceptable:
A vile man.
He associated with the vilest thieves.
This vile policy of ethnic cleansing must be stopped.
Clumsy
Not skilful in the way you deal with or express something:
Her movements were rather clumsy.
My attempts to apologise were very clumsy.
He tried to talk to her, but he was so clumsy she didn’t fully understand what he was saying.
Barren
Unable to produce plants or fruit; unproductive:
A barren, rocky landscape.
Uncoordinated
With different parts failing to work or move well together; untalented, underskilled, untogether:
The marketing campaign was an uncoordinated effort by several different departments.
Graceful
1- moving in a smooth, relaxed, attractive way or having a smooth attractive shape:
Graceful movement.
She is a wonderfully graceful dancer.
2- behaving in a polite and pleasant way:
She finally apologised, but she wasn’t very graceful about it.
Outlaw
To make something illegal or unacceptable:
The new law will outlaw smoking in public places.
Fertile
Fertile land can produce a large number of good quality corpse, productive:
In order to turn the deserts into fertile and productive land, engineers built an 800-mile canal.
Bashful
Shy:
She gave a Bashful smile as he complimented her on her work.
Assured
Showing a skill and confidence:
(Also self-assured)
An assured performance.
Earlier
Prior, before
Blend
Combine; mix:
A rich blend of the finest coffee beans.
Where music is a blend of jazz and African rhymes.
Seize
1- to take something quickly and keep or hold it:
I seized her arm and made her turn to look at me.
He seized the chance/opportunity of a free flight with both hands (= with eagerness or enthusiasm).
Political instability helped the army to seize power.
2-Arrest:
The rebels have seized 10 soldiers to use as hostages.
Initiate
To cause something to begin; start; beginning:
The commission has power to initiate legislation.
Heroic
Very brave or great:
A heroic act.
Timid
Shy and nervous; without much confidence; easily frightened:
My dog is a little timid – specially around other dogs.
A timid child.
Bottom
The lowest part of something:
He stood at the bottom of the stairs and called up to me.
The manager of the hotel started at the bottom (= in one of the least important jobs) 30 years ago, as it porter.
The rich usually get richer, while the people at the bottom (= at the lowest position in society) stay there.
Infertile
And infertile person, animal, or plant cannot have babies produce young, or produce new plants:
It has been estimated that one in eight couples is infertile.
Fracture
Break:
He suffered/sustained multiple fractures in a motorcycle accident.
Expansive
Wide; very happy to talk to people in a friendly way:
He was in an expansive mood on the night of the party.
There was an expensive view from the window.
Heal
To make or become well again, specially after a cut or other injury:
The wounds were gradually healing (up).
Burst
1- To break open or apart suddenly, or to make something to this:
Suddenly the door burst open.
I hate it when balloons burst.
2- To feeling strong emotion, or strong wish to do something:
I knew they were bursting with Curiosity but I said nothing.
Broad
Very wide:
My brother is very broad shouldered.
We walked down a broad Avenue lined with trees.
Concise
Brief, short:
Make your answer clear and concise.
Foundation
Base
Turbulent
Involving a lot of sudden changes, arguments, or violence; Not calm.
A turbulent marriage.
This has been a turbulent week for their administration.
Apprehend
2- To catch and arrest someone who has not obeyed the law:
The police have finally apprehended the killer
2- to understand:
we often fail to apprehend the real meaning of change
Tranquil
Calm and peaceful and without noise, violence, worry, etc.
A small tranquil village.
Capture
To take someone as a prisoner, or to take something into your possession , especially by force:
Two of the soldiers were killed and the rest were captured.
The Democratic party captured 70% of the vote.
It would be impossible to capture her beauty in a painting.
Chubby
(Specially of children) fat in a pleasant and attractive way:
Chubby legs.
Chubby cheeks.
Still
1- continuing to happen:
I’m still hungry.
2- despite that:
I know you don’t like her, but you still don’t have to be so rude to her.
Cease
To stop something:
The doctor has a duty to inform the patient that driving should cease and the patient has a duty to act on that advice.
Chilly
Cold (but not freezing):
A chilly morning
The bathroom gets chilly in the winter.
I went to see the sales manager but got a rather chilly reception.
Watchful
Careful, cautious:
She keeps a watchful eye on her boyfriend.
If you invest heavily in the stock market,you have to stay watchful and be ready to move your money quickly.
Enchanting
Very pleasant:
It’s described in the guide book “an enchanting medieval city”.
Pudgy
Slightly fat:
I was a pudgy child.
Plump
Having a pleasantly soft, rounded body or shape:
A nice plump chicken.
Plump juicy grapes.
child with plump rosy cheeks.
He’s got rather plump since I last saw him.
Obnoxious
Very unpleasant or rude:
Some of his colleagues say that he is loud and obnoxious.
When she’s in a bad mood she’s obnoxious to everyone.
Gross
1- (in) total:
A persons gross income is the money they earn before tax is deducted from it.
I earn £30000 a year gross
2- extremely unpleasant:
“Oh gross!” She said, looking at the flies buzzing above the piles of dirty plates.
Appealing
Attractive, interesting, charming, delightful:
The idea of not having to get up early every morning is rather appealing (to me).
she had a nice smile and an appealing personality.
Vulgar
Not suitable, simple, dignified or beautiful; not in the style preferred by the upper classes of society:
A vulgar patterned shirt.
A vulgar joke.
Imminent
Coming or likely to happen very soon:
Imminent disaster/danger
A strike is imminent
Reckless
Careless; doing something dangerous and not worrying about the risks and the possible results:
He was found guilty of reckless driving.
Nippy
2- Able to change speed and direction easily:
A nippy little car.
2- nippy weather already is quite cold:
It’s a bit nippy this morning.
Clarify
Explain, simplify:
Could you clarify the first point please? I don’t understand it completely.
Bumpy
Rough, not smooth:
We drove along a narrow, bumpy road.
Fasten
Close, shut, to (cause something to) become firmly fixed together, or in position, or closed:
Make sure your seat belt is securely fastened.
This shirt fastens at the back.
