Syndromes

Question 1

pharyngitis is caused by __

first line tx is __

second line tx is __

Answer 1

pathogen: group A strep (strep pyogenes)

1st: amoxicillin OR Pen VK

2nd: cephalexin OR macrolide

Question 2

otitis media is caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 2

pathogens: strep pneumo, H.flu, m.catt

1st line tx: amoxicillin

PCN allergy: 2nd and 3rd gen cephalo, macrolides

severe: Augmentin

Question 3

what is the most common cause of acute otitis media

Answer 3

viruses

Question 4

celluilitis is caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 4

pathogen: s. aureus, GAS

tx MSSA: dicloxacillin OR 1st gen ceph OR clinda

tx MRSA: clindamycin OR sulfa-smx OR doxycycline

GAS: amoxicillin

Question 5

pyodermas are caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 5

pathogens: MSSA, MRSA, GBS

tx MSSA: topical muciporin OR oral dicloxacillin OR oral cephalexin

tx MRSA: TMP-SMX, doxycycline, clindamycin, linezolid

Question 6

what are some common STDs

Answer 6

neisseria gonorrhoeae

chlamydia trachomatis

mycoplasma hominum

syphilis

trichomonas

Question 7

what is 1st line tx for neisseria gonorrhoeae

Answer 7

ceftriaxone

Question 8

what is 1st line tx for chlamydia tracomatis

Answer 8

azithromycin/doxycycline

Question 9

what is 1st line tx for mycoplasma hominum

Answer 9

azithromycin/dozycycline

Question 10

what is 1st line tx for trichomonas

Answer 10

metronidazole

Question 11

what is 1st line tx for CDAD

Answer 11

vancomycin

metronidazole

Question 12

intraabdominal infxns are caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 12

pathogens: e.coli and other (-) rods, bacteroides fragilis

e.coli tx: 2nd and 3rd gen cephalo

bacteroides fragilis: pip taz/metronidazole

Question 13

CAP is caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 13

pathogens: strep pneumo, mycoplasma, chlamydophila pneumoniae

tx strep pneumo no comorbidities: amoxicillin

tx strep pneumo w. comorbidities: doxycycline OR macrolide

tx strep pneumo w. comorbidities: augmentin

tx mycoplasma or chlamydophila pneumo: doxycycline OR azithromycin

Question 14

healthcare associated pna is caused by __

first line tx is __

Answer 14

pathogens: MRSA, pseudo, e.coli

tx MRSA: vancomycin

tx pseudo: pip-taz

tx e.coli: 2nd and 3rd gen cephalo

Question 15

uncomplicated UTIs (cystitis) are caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 15

pathogens: e.coli, other (-) rods

tx: trimeth-sulf, nitro

Question 16

complicated UTIs are caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 16

pathogens: e.coli, pseudo, MRSA

e.coli tx: 2nd/3rd gen cephalo

pseudo tx: cipro or levo, aminoglycosides

MRSA tx: vanco

Question 17

complicated UTIs are generally caused by __

examples include __

and __

Answer 17

gram (-)

cystitis

pyelonephritis

Question 18

cystitis tx

Answer 18

cipro or levo

aminogylcoside

ceftriaxone

Question 19

pyelonephritis tx

Answer 19

empiric: cipro or levo

post culture: pip taz, amp-gent, 3rd gen cephalo

Question 20

bacterial sinusitis is caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 20

pathogens: h.flu, m.catt

1st line tx: Augmentin

if recent abx: Augmentin, FQ, 2nd/3rd gen cephallo

PCN allergy: macrolides

Question 21

acute bacterial bronchitis is caused by __

1st line tx is __

Answer 21

pathogens: mycoplasma, c. pneumo, bortadella

tx: no abx in healthy pt!

Question 22

which penicillin is penicillinase resistant

Answer 22

dicloxacillin

Question 23

clindamycin selectively distributes in

Answer 23

bones

Question 24

macrolides selectively distribute into

Answer 24

pulmonary cells (URIs PNA)

Question 25

tetracyclines selectively distribute into

Answer 25

gingival crevicular fluid and sebum (peridonitis and acne)

Question 26

nitrofurantoin selectively distributes into

Answer 26

urine → UTIs

Question 27

which abx has excellent CNS distribution

Answer 27

ceftriaxone