Synapse

Question 1

What are the two neurotransmitters in the body?

Answer 1

Excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters

Question 2

Transmission of nerve impulses across a Synaptic cleft is carried out by chemicals called _________________________.

Answer 2

Neurotransmitters substances

Question 3

If the neurotransmitter is received by the postsynaptic fiber…

Answer 3

It will fire 100%

Question 4

Neurotransmitters substances are stored where?

Answer 4

In the vesicles at the end of the axon

Question 5

Find impulse reaches the end of the axon, and Na+ and Ca+2 come into the axon, the calcium binds with ________________ that pull the neurotransmitter vesicles to the presynaptic membrane surface. The vesicles and join to the _____________, forcing the neurotransmitters into the cleft(exocytosis). The neurotransmitters defuse across…

Answer 5

Contractile proteins,
Join to the cell membrane
Diffuse across the synaptic gap

Question 6

A neurotransmitter only has a….

Answer 6

Short period to work once it’s been released into the synaptic cleft.

Question 7

The neurotransmitter binds to _______________ on the dendrite of the next neuron. If enough transmitter substance is received the neuron will _______ and continue the impulse.

Answer 7

Bind to specific receptor sites,

“Fire”

Question 8

What happens to the neurotransmitter once it’s been released into the synaptic cleft?

Answer 8

Enzymes rapidly break down the transmitter substance to clear the synapse so the next impulse can be transmitted

Question 9

What are examples of neurotransmitters that speed up and slow down activity?

Answer 9

Noradrenaline- speeds up activity

Acetylcholine- slows down activity

Question 10

How does each axon end?

Answer 10

Each axon branches off and ends with a swelled tip or terminal knob that lies close to you but not touching the dendrite of another neuron (or an organ). The entire region is called a synapse

Question 11

How does Tylenol work?

Answer 11

Painkiller such as Tylenol act as an enzyme to break down the neurotransmitter to decrease the pain impulse

Question 12

What is the neurotransmitters job?

Answer 12

Is to increase the permeability of the sodium ions on the postsynaptic membrane

Question 13

If not enough substance is received…

Answer 13

It will not fire at all

Question 14

What is it called when two excitatory neurotransmitters work together?

Answer 14

They cause an action potential that is called summation

Question 15

What are two main examples of enzymes that break down the transmitter substance?

Answer 15

Monoamine oxidase breaks down noradrenaline
And
Acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine

Question 16

What happens when an impulse reaches the end of the axon?

Answer 16

Not only does Na+ come into the axon, But Ca+2 as well