Symtoms Flashcards
yellowing of normally green tissues caused by inadequate light
Etiolation
yellowing caused by some factor other than light such as a virus or a mycoplasma
Chlorosis
the presence usually on leaves of variegated pattern of green and yellow shades with sharply defined border.
Mosaic
the variegated is less defined than mosaic and the boundaries of light and dark variegated areas are more diffused.
Mottling
the veins are translucent or pale while the rest of the leaf is its normal color.
clearing
may be due to an infectious agent or to lack of water. Wilting caused by the latter is often temporary and the plant recovers upon the application of enough moisture unless the drought is prolonged and the plants dies.
Wilting
the disintegration and decomposition of host tissue. A dry rot is a firm, dry decay whereas a soft rot is a soft, watery decomposition. Any plant part may suffer from rot such as fruit rot, stem-end rot, blossom-end rot, stalk rot and root rot.
Rotting
a localized necrotic area also referred to as a lesion. Individual spots may be circular, angular or irregularly shaped. Several spots may run together or coalesce forming large necrotic areas.
Spot
a localized necrotic area also referred to as a lesion. Individual spots may be circular, angular or irregularly shaped. Several spots may run together or coalesce forming large necrotic areas.
Spot
an extensive, usually sudden death of host tissue, such as leaf blight.
Blight
a perforated appearance of a leaf as the dead areas of local lesions drop out.
Shot-hole
an often sunken necrotic area with cracked border that may appear in leaves, fruits, stems, and branches.
Canker
• an infected fruit is converted to a hard, dry shriveled mummy.
Mummification
the host’s juices exude or leak out from soft- rotted portions.
Leak
a drying backward from the tip of twigs or branches.
Die-back
definite depressions or pits are found on the surface of fruit’s, tubers, and other fleshy organs resulting in a pocked appearance.
Pitting
shortening of the internodes of shoots and stems forming a crowding of the foliage in a rosette.
Resetting
premature falling of leaves, fruits and flower due to the early laying down of the abscises layer
Abscission
metamorphosis of petals, sepals and stamen or carpels into leaf-like structures.
Phyllody
abnormal bending or curling of leaves caused by overgrowth on one side of the leaf or localized growth in certain portion.
Curling
slightly raised, rough, ulcer- like lesions due to the over growth of epidermal and cortical tissues accompanied with rupturing and suberization of cell wall.
Scab
rotting of seedlings prior to emergence or rotting of seedlings stem at an area just above the soil.
Damping-off
an over growth of tissue formed in response to injury in an effort of the plant to heal the wound.
Callus
clustering of roots, flowers, fruits or twigs around a common focus.
Fasciculation or fascination
term applied to the sudden death of young buds, inflorescence or young fruits.
Blast
a superficial brownish roughening of the skin or fruits, tubers or other fleshy organs usually due to the suberization of epidermal or sub epidermal tissue following injury to epidermis.
Russetting
long, narrow necrotic lesions on leaves or stems.
Streak or strip
long, narrow necrotic lesions on leaves or stems.
Streak or strip
Caused by fungus showing black, leaf sunken, lesions in fruit
Anthracnose
same as hypoplasia or dwarfing and distinguished stunting or retardation
Atrophy
same as hypoplasia or dwarfing and distinguished stunting or retardation
Atrophy
A big and asymmetrically- shaped, mark or blemish on leaves, flowers, and stem
Blotch
White to brown patches found under the surface of the leaves, stems, and fruits. The patches are the fungi themselves in the family Peronosporaceae.
• Downy mildew
White to brown patches found under the surface of the leaves, stems, and fruits. The patches are the fungi themselves in the family Peronosporaceae.
• Downy mildew
• - A result of continuous irritation of a cell or a tissue . An overgrowth or deformity on tissues in commonly observed.
Enation
Oozing out of bacterial masses to the surface of the invaded tissues or organs: perceived as droplets or as thin smudge on the external portion
Exudation
swelling or overgrowth due to the increased of cell division . This distortion is always irregular in shape.
Gall
Usually caused by fungi , tree infected with this is showing too much or extreme form of gum.
Gummosis
A manifestation of overgrowth of a plants organ and tissues due to increased cell division
Hyperplasia
- A manifestation of overgrowth of a plants organ and due to abnormal cell enlargement
Hypertrophy
Abnormal formation of numerous fine fibrous roots
•Hairy root
a localized leaf, self limiting lesion
•Leaf spot
•- Caused by an attacked of virus ; or typified by a spherical area of chlorosis with green at the middle
Ringspot
typified by masses of dusky, granular and sometimes stinking spores.
Smut
Symptoms of bacterial infection. It is due to the degradation of cells or tissues due to pathogens enzymes production resulting in cell maceration
• Soft rot
- Scotty leaves and fruit covering molded by the dark hyphae of fungi that inhabit the honeydew produced by insects liked aphids, and mealy bugs.
Sooty mold
Typified by impressions on the plants stem due to viral infection
• Stem pitting
Characterized by the appearance of black raised or flattened out a droplet of tar on leaves due to fungal bodies
• Tar spots
Dense clustering of branches of woody plants. Abundant slender branches appear from a constrained portion in close bundles looking like broom
Witches broom
