Symptoms Assoc With Pathology Flashcards
Sudden Painless loss of vision
CRAO
Massive Vitreous Haemorrhage
Retinal Detachment (Macula off)
Ischaemic CRVO
Defective vision
Most common ocular symptom Enquire about: Onset (sudden vs gradual) Duration Painfully vs Painless Worsening conditions
Sudden Painless onset of defective vision
Central Serous Retinopathy
Optic Neuritis
Methyl alcohol amblyopia
Non-ischaemic CRVO
Sudden Painful loss of vision
Acute congestive Glaucoma
Acute Iridocyclitis
Chemical & Mechanical injuries
Gradual Painless defective vision
Progressive pterygium Corneal degenerations Corneal dystrophies Cataract Optic Atrophy Chorioretinal degenerations ARMD DRP Ametropias
Gradual Painful defective vision
Chronic Iridocyclitis
Corneal ulceration
Chronic glaucoma
Transient Vision Loss
Amaurosis fugal
Carotid Artery disease Papilloedema GCA Migraine Raynaud's disease Severe Hypertension Prodromal symptom of CRAO
Night Blindness
Nyctalopia
Vit. A deficiency RP Tapetoretinal degenerations Congenital night blindness Pathological myopia Peripheral cortical cataract
Day blindness
Hamarlopia
Polar cataract
Central corneal opacity
Central vitreous opacity
Congenital cone deficiency
Reduced near vision
Presbyopia
Cycloplegia
Internal or total ophthalmoplegia
Accom insuff.
Black spots or floaters
Vitreous hemorrhage
Vitreous degeneration (senile vs path myopia)
Exudates in vitreous
Lenticular opacities
Flashes
Photopsia
Traction on retina PVD Prodromal to RD Vitreous traction bands Sudden = retinal tear Retinitis
Distorted vision
Micropsia, Macropsia & metamorphopsia
Macular lesions eg.
Central Chorioretinitis
Coloured Halos
Acute congestive Glaucoma
Early cataract
Mucopurulent conjunctivitis
Uni-ocular diplopia
Subluxated lens Double pupil (polycoria) Incipient cataract Keratoconus Eccentric IOL
Diplopia (proper)
Paralytic tropia Myasthenia gravis Diabetes mellitus Thyroid disorders Blow out fracture Anisometropic Rx Post EOM Sx with ARC present (paradoxical diplopia)
Hyperlacrimation
Primary hyperlacrimation
Reflex hyperlacrimation
Central or psychical hyperlacrimation
Primary hyperlacrimation
Rare condition
Direct stimulation of lacrimal gland
Tumour, cysts or parasympathomimetic drugs
Reflex hyperlacrimation
Lids - stye, hordeola, meibomitis, trichiasis, concretions &entropion Conj - conjunctivitis (any) Cornea - abrasion, ulcer & non-ulcerative keratitis Sclera - scleritis, episcleritis Uvea - iritis, cyclitis, Iridocyclitis Acute Glaucoma Endophthalmitis & panophthalmitis Orbital cellulitis
Epiphora
Watering due to blockage
Physiological - lacrimal pump failure
Mechanical - obstruction of lacrimal passages
Think Jones test & Regurgitation test
Epiphora - physiological
Lower lid laxity
Weakness of m.orbicularis oculi
Ephiphora - mechanical
Punctal eversion
Punctal obstruction - FB, concretion, cilia, chemburn, inj, infect, stenosis due to prolonged idoxuridine or pilocarpine
Canaliculitis ( due to actinomyces)
Lacrimal sac - cong. Mucus mem folds, strictures, dacryocystitis, TB, syphilis, tumor & atonia of the sac
Naso-lacrimal duct - non-canalization, inflammation & tumor
Discharge
Ascertain:
Mucoid
Mucopurrulent
Purulent
Serosanguinous or ropy
Discharge
Conjunctivitis Corneal ulcer Stye Burst Orbital abscess Dacryocystitis
Itch, burn & FB sensation
Chronic simple conjunctivitis Dry eye Trachoma Conj inflammations Trichiasis Entropion
Redness
Conjunctivitis
Keratitis
Iridocyclitis
Acute glaucoma
Ocular pain
Chk onset, severity, assoc symptoms
Main feature of ocular inflammations & acute glaucoma
May be referred pain from surrounding structures
Asthenopia
(Mild eye or head ache, tiredness)
Assoc with near work
EOM imbalance
Uncorrected refractive error
Swelling on lids
Chalazion
Tumours
