Symptoms

Question 1

Headache Warning Signs

Answer 1

1. Progressively frequent or severe over a 3-month period
2. Sudden onset like a “thunderclap” or “worst headache of my life”
3. New onset after age 50 years
4. Aggregated or relived by change of position
5. Precipitated by Valsalva maneuver or exertion
6. Associated symptoms:
   1) fever
   2) night sweats
   3) weight loss
   4) papilledema
   5) neck stiffness
   6) focal neurologic deficits
7. Presence of cancer, HIV infection or pregnancy
8. Recent head trauma
9. Change in pattern from past headaches
10. Lack of similar headache in the past

Question 2

Dyspnea causes

Answer 2

1. Pulmonary
2. Cardiac
3. Anemia
4. Other

Question 3

Dyspnea pulmonary causes

Answer 3

1. Airways disease
2. Parenchymal disease
3. Pulmonary vasculature disease
4. Chest wall disease (and spine)

Question 4

Dyspnea cardiac causes

Answer 4

1. Left heart failure

2. Pericardial disease

Question 5

Dyspnea other causes

Answer 5

1. Deconditioning (loss of muscles)

2. Psychological

Question 6

Cough duration

Answer 6

1. < 3 weeks -> acute
2. 3-8 weeks -> subacute
3. > 8 weeks -> chronic

Question 7

Homense’s sign

Answer 7

1. Elevation of the leg -> pain in the calf

2. In deep venous thrombosis

Question 8

Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome

Answer 8

1. Adrenal gland failure due to bleeding into the adrenal glands
2. Commonly caused by severe bacterial infection -> typically by Neisseria meningitidis