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Visual Analysis > Symptomatology - HA > Flashcards

Symptomatology - HA Flashcards

1
Q

Symptomatology needs

A

Good case history

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2
Q

Ocular or refractive in nature

A

Constant BOV

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3
Q

BOV AT FAR

A

uncorrected myopia

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4
Q

If px has habitual rx but still experience BOV

A

needs upgrade of the power

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5
Q

2 possible causes of BOV at Far and Near

A
  1. Presbyopia
  2. Astigmatism
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6
Q

Most likely pathological or dry eye

A

INTERMITTENT BOV

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7
Q

occurs because of dry eye patchy area on the cornea

A

Intermittent BOV

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8
Q

Twitching of lids

A

BLEPHAROSPASM

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9
Q

Weakening of levator palpebrae superioris [elevating muscle of upper eyelid]

A

BLEPHAROSPASM

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10
Q

twitching of eyelids in the afternoon

A

tired eyes

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11
Q

twitching of eyelids in the morning

A

possibility of bell’s palsy to occur

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12
Q

thyroid problems can cause

A

intermittent BOV

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13
Q

lumalapot index of refraction (aqueous & vitreous)

A

DIABETIC PX

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14
Q

mataas ang index of refraction

A

HYPERTENSIVE PX

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15
Q

towards plus ang index of refraction (hyperopia)

A

Anemic & Cancer pxs

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16
Q

Nocturnal myopia

A

BOV during Night

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17
Q

Totally blind or wala nakikita at night

A

Nyctalopia

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18
Q

Nahihirapan sa gabi

A

Nocturnal myopia

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19
Q

more damage occurs to rods & elongation of eyeball

A

NYCTALOPIA

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20
Q

Lights on/Photopic refraction and lights off /Scotopic refraction
What will be the effect?
Pag nagbago because…
Dilate- tumaas grado (wants to acc more)
Constrict- change refraction

A

NOCTURNAL MYOPIA

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21
Q
  • High index refraction
  • Accumulate of water (namamanas)
  • Towards myopia/minus
A

BOV DURING PREGNANCY

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22
Q

Average -0.50 D increase if the patient is

A

pregnant

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23
Q

temporary blindness
- cause is gutom or pagod
- refer to neuro pero pwede i-refract muna

A

AMAUROSIS FUGAX

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24
Q

AMAUROSIS FUGAX

A

BOV DURING TRANSIENT LOSS OF VISION

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25
Q

BOV ACCOMPANIED BY CHANGE IN REFRACTION WITH MORE MYOPIA OR LESS HYPEROPIA

A

Nuclear cataract and increase blood sugar

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26
Q
  • ARMD
  • Cataract
  • Pathology internally problem not in refraction
A

BOV NOT DUE TO A CHANGE IN REFRACTION

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27
Q
  • Retinal detachment
  • Hypoglycemia
  • Antidepressant
A

BOV ACCOMPANIED BY A CHANGE IN REFRACTION WITH LESS MYOPIA OR MORE HYPEROPIA

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28
Q

A pain in the head which is a common symptom of disease of the central nervous system and should always prompt a careful examination of the eyes.

A

HEADACHE

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29
Q

2 kinds of Headache

A
  1. Primary
  2. Secondary
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30
Q

Ocular HA
Tension HA
Migraine

A

Primary HA

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31
Q

Headache arising from a primary intracranial pathology
- Walang ka akibat na problema sa katawan

A

PRIMARY HA

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32
Q

A manifestation of a general systemic diseases or illness

A

SECONDARY

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33
Q

Hangover: dehydration of kidney
Hungry
Fluctuation of BP
Vascular Headache

A

SECONDARY HA

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34
Q

Normally occur in the afternoon

A

OCULAR HA

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35
Q

Gradual in nature (pasakit ng pasakit)

A

OCULAR HA

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36
Q

Occurs after demanding visual task

A

OCULAR HA

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37
Q

I side is more painful- ↑ refractive power

A

OCULAR HA

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38
Q

Location of Ocular HA

A
  • frontal
  • superciliary ridge (space in between eyebrows)
  • occipital
  • temporal (in some)
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39
Q

umaabot kinabukasan ang frontal HA

A

Presbyopic px

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40
Q

does not experience HA unless lower than 2.00D (asthenopia)

A

MYOPIA

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41
Q

Mid orbital & occipital, Frontal & unilateral headache, pain will occur earlier in the day

A

ASTIGMATISM/ASTIGMATIC PX

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42
Q
  • Mataas or mababa bp
  • Mas masakit yung astigmatism ni px pag mas mababa grado
  • If the power less than to greater power (distorted image)
A

VASCULAR HA

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43
Q

Frontal, temporal & or mid-orbital, brow ache along with lacrimation & burning SENSATION

A

HYPEROPIA

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44
Q

Lacrimation and burning sensation: blur near—> exert effort to look at near ciliary muscle efforts to acc para makakita ng clear sa malapit stress lacrimal app- secretes ng tears thus, burning sensation

A

HYPEROPIA

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45
Q

Normal IOP

A

10-21 mmHg

46
Q

Frontal or mid-orbital

A

PRESBYOPIA

47
Q

Increasing in duration & in severity as the goes by

A

PRESBYOPIA

48
Q

Excessive NW in residual HAE lasting through the evening and the ff day

A

PRESBYOPIA

49
Q

Pain over the brow w/ tension & pulling effect
- frontal eyebrow pulling effect going to occipital

A

VERTICAL PHORIA (HYPER/HYPO)

50
Q

Unilateral radiating H/A

A

VERTICAL PHORIA (HYPER/HYPO)

51
Q

HAE coming on with near work, similar to HAE of hyperopia

A

ESOPHORIA

52
Q

Associate with toxemia or internal malfunction requiring medical attention

A

ESOPHORIA

53
Q

endogenous and exogenous toxin

A

TOXEMIA

54
Q

Occipital pain but may extend to frontal region

A

HIGH EXOPHORIA

55
Q

With occurance of visual phenomena such as scotoma or field defects

A

MIGRAINE HA

56
Q

Associated with nausea & vomiting.

A

MIGRAINE HA

57
Q

It occurs in individuals of a certain type of personality of indecisive, insecure, perfectionistic, compulsive, sensitive, anxious & easily discouraged.

A

MIGRAINE HA

58
Q

2 types of migraine

A
  1. Classic Migraine
  2. Common Migraine
59
Q

consist of visual aura, unilateral ,throbbing headache & feeling of nausea.

A

CLASSIC MIGRAINE

60
Q

nausea is the predominant symptom & visual aura does not appear.
no visual aura

A

COMMON MIGRAINE

61
Q

Constant blurring of vision may be a symptom of antimetropia. T/F

A

TRUE

62
Q
  1. Intermittent blurring of vision is usually systemic rather than visual in nature. T/F
A

TRUE

63
Q
  1. Constant blurring of vision can cause changes in blood pressure level. T/F
A

FALSE

64
Q
  1. Constant should be treated as medical emergency T/F
A

FALSE

65
Q
  1. Patient with blurring of vision at far is estimated with myopia. It is necessary to get the BCVA after correction
    T/F
A

TRUE

66
Q
  1. There is receptor cells degeneration if patient experience BOV in reduced illumination
    T/F
A

TRUE

67
Q
  1. After prolonged reading patient experienced BOV is due to myopia
    T/F
A

TRUE?

68
Q
  1. Dehydration of the kidney that causes headaches is a secondary headache
    T/F
A

TRUE

69
Q
  1. Dry refraction can be done during photopic and scotopic refraction
    T/F
A

TRUE

70
Q
  1. Latent hyperopia is detected by non cyclopedic refraction
    T/F
A

FALSE

71
Q
  1. BOV accompanied by change of the refractive power to more myopia or less hyperopia may be a symptoms of serious retinal detachment
    T/F
A

FALSE

72
Q
  1. Tension headaches is a kind of secondary headache
    T/F
A

FALSE

73
Q
  1. In presenting symptoms of headaches if the severity is 1-10, 4 is considered mild
    T/F
A

FALSE - Moderate

74
Q
  1. Ocular headache is most likely present in the afternoon
    T/F
A

TRUE

75
Q
  1. Vascular headache is normally occurs in the morning
    T/F
A

TRUE

76
Q
  1. Common migraine has no visual aura
    T/F
A

TRUE

77
Q
  1. Gradual manifestation is a presenting symptoms under frequency
    T/F
A

FALSE

78
Q
  1. Photophobia is a manifestation of dilated pupils
    T/F
A

TRUE

79
Q
  1. Sharp knife headache is an intracranial headache
    T/F
A

TRUE

80
Q
  1. Cluster headache is experienced daily within a short period of time
    T/F
A

TRUE

81
Q

has been variously described as a scintillating scotoma, fortification scotoma

A

VISUAL AURA

82
Q

VISUAL CHANGES IN MIGRAINE

A
  1. Loss/blur of vision at periphery seeing color
  2. Seeing crescent shape or zigzag (positive visual phenomenon)
    - px can only see central vision (both side)
    - pwede rin sa gilid lang yung positive (one side)
  3. Seeing changes in sizes
  4. Experiencing tunnel/central vision photophobia
  5. It can capacitate the px
  6. Relieving pain: Close eyes
83
Q

Trigger factor-It is something that the patient has ingested in the prior 24 hrs.

A

VASCULAR HA

84
Q

It can be dull or throbbing HA, located at the frontal or fronts: on temporal portion,occipital.

A

VASCULAR HA

85
Q

Present on awakening.or awakens the px in the morning.

A

VASCULAR HA

86
Q

Accompanied by nausea & vomitting occasionally vomiting.

A

VASCULAR HA

87
Q

Increase hypertension—> shoot up/down BP of the px

A

VASCULAR HA

88
Q

Difference of Ocular HA and Vascular HA

A

Vascular pulsation is dull but throbbing

89
Q

90% of HA is

A

TENSION HA

90
Q

is caused by stress, noise, & pressures. gradual but not sudden.

A

TENSION HA

91
Q

Frontal, occipital,Pain comes from the nerve that is irritated. HA with muscle pain in the neck

A

TENSION HA

92
Q

under of psychogenic HAE: only in the mind

A

TENSION HA

93
Q

A dull, deep aching and non-pulsating headache felt in the frontal and maxillary regions.

A

SINUS HA

94
Q

A dull, deep aching and non-pulsating headache felt in the frontal and maxillary regions.

A

SINUS HA

95
Q

Due to allergens, viruses, bacteria, swell sinus membrane.
More on frontal

A

SINUS HA

96
Q

More severe in the morning & diminishing later in the day, except for the maxillary sinusitis (close to buccal cavity), in which the pain often begins in early afternoon and is relieved by recumbency.

A

SINUS HA

97
Q

Pain is constant, more or less severe, deep & steady.
Sharp and severe in nature.
Neurological disfactor

A

INTRACRANIAL DISEASE HA

98
Q

Felt at the top or front of the head & occipital, associated with brain tumor, bursting pain, & often associated with vomiting & evidence of neurological dysfunction, suddenly appearing or disappearing with changes in the position of the head, is characteristic of ventricle tumor

A

INTRACRANIAL DISEASE HA

99
Q

wakes up px during sleep (AM)

A

INTRACRANIAL DISEASE HA

100
Q

3 patterns

A
  1. accommodation
  2. convergence
  3. neurological pattern
101
Q

2 types of Psychogenic HA

A
  1. TENSION
  2. CONVERSION
102
Q

anxiety
External factor
Result of normal physiological concomitants, anxiety equivalent or emotional tension which is accompanied by spasm and contraction of the cervical and scalp musculature (muscle pain)

A

TENSION PSYCHOGENIC HA

103
Q

hysteria
Emotions
An attempt on the part of the px to relieve an emotional tension

A

CONVERSION PSYCHOGENIC HA

104
Q

The pain is characterized by sudden, violent & paroxysmal that usually lasts for a matter of seconds.
`

A

NEURALGIAS`

105
Q

It’s described as tearing, knife-like or stabbing pain. The attacks can be precipitated by pressure on trigger area, at the supraorbital foramen or in the lateral neck area
(max of 5 secs)

A

NEURALGIAS

106
Q

Nerve pain and pressing on the trigger are

A

NEURALGIAS

107
Q

Known as histamine cephalalgia

A

CLUSTER HA

108
Q

it is severe, boring. unilateral headache occurring in the temporal region and often accompanied by ipsilateral lacrimation and nasal congestion.
Most sufferers are middle-aged men

A

CLUSTER HA

109
Q

refers to the tendency for one or more headaches to occur daily within a short period of time.

A

CLUSTER

110
Q

Its attack is typically at night and more apt to occur while a person is lying down, sometimes the sufferer can abort an attack by getting up & walking around or even sitting up in bed.

A

CLUSTER HA

111
Q

Patients often describe the pain as unbearable.
Nasal ingestion (frequent small attack occur in middle age men)

A

CLUSTER HA

112
Q

Headache accompanying changes in lens prescription or visual training-in order to eliminate the possibility of incorrect optics, the following characteristics of lenses should be checked:

A

-incorrect pd
-prescription
-base curve of the new lenses from old lens
-absence of a tint or a different tint used than that incorporated in the pxs old rx
-different style of bifocal corrections
-kryptok to pal- HAE
-Image jump (Bifocal kryptok)
-Vertical height of one bifocal different from its mat

Visual Analysis (1 decks)

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