Symphony no. 40, first movement

Question 1

Features of classical music (from Baroque)

Answer 1

• Very balanced (equal four bar phrases)
• Less ornamental
• More gradual dynamic changes
• Block chords or broken chords
• Always major or minor DIATONIC nearly all notes belong to the main key
• Regular metre
• Constant tempo

Question 2

Features of classical music: Instruments

Answer 2

Piano changed sound in 1700- variable dynamics!
Clarinet came around 1700
Bigger orchestras- more woodwind, trumpets, horns and strings

Question 3

Classical style (date started)

Answer 3

1750

Question 4

Sonata form: Exposition

Answer 4

Themes are exposed for the first time
Two contrasting themes
Ends in a different key to what it started in

Question 5

Sonata form: Development

Answer 5

Themes vary

Question 6

Sonata form: Recapitulation

Answer 6

Pulls it together again, repeat and add to themes from the exposition

Question 7

Sonata form: Coda

Answer 7

Finished the piece of neatly

Question 8

Symphony no. 40: Date

Answer 8

1788

Question 9

Symphony no. 40: Instrumentation

Answer 9

For a small orchestra:

• No percussion
• Only brass is french horns
• No clarinets originally (only invented)

Question 10

Symphony no. 40: Tempo

Answer 10

Molto Allegro

Question 11

Symphony no. 40: Exposition

Answer 11

Bars 1-100

Question 12

Symphony no. 40: First subject

Answer 12

Bars 1-28
Idea one in BARS 1-9
Idea two in BARS 9-14
Marked piano at the start (unusual for a classical symphony)
G MINOR

Question 13

Symphony no. 40: Transition passage

Answer 13

Bars 28-43
Forte all the way through, sfz from BAR 34
Bb MAJOR, but with chromatic notes to add tension

Question 14

Symphony no. 40: Second subject

Answer 14

Bars 44-72
Bb MAJOR but with chromatics
Ornaments for first time
Strings play the theme first and woodwind repeat at 52

Question 15

Symphony no. 40: Codetta

Answer 15

Bars 72-100
Imitation between clarinet and bassoon
Bb MAJOR -> G MINOR

Question 16

Symphony no. 40: Development

Answer 16

Bars 101-164
Based on exposition’s first subject
Harmonies more chromatic
Begins in F# MINOR but explores many different keys (118-128)
From bar 140 there are lots of pedal points

Question 17

Symphony no. 40: Recapitulation

Answer 17

Bars 164-299
First subject 164-184 is EXACTLY THE SAME as in the exposition
Bridge passage longer 184-227
-It passes through lots of keys- Eb, Fm, D
-Polyphonic in 202-210 there is a sequence played in canon between violin one and the lower strings