Sympathomimetics Flashcards
What are the two receptors influenced by the ANS and their respective catecholamine?
Cholinergic-ACH
Adrenergic-NE/Epi
What are the second messengers for Alpha-1 receptors?
Inositol Triphosphate (IP3)
Diacylglycerol (DAG)
Calcium ion
What is the second messenger for Alpha-2, Beta-1, and Beta-2 receptors?
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
What is the second messenger for Phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
What effect does Alpha-1 receptors have on calcium?
increases levels of calcium
What effect does Alpha-2 receptors have on cAMP?
decreased circulating levels by inhibition of adenylate cyclase
True or False: Beta-1 receptors have equal affinity for Epi and Norepi.
True
True or False: Beta-2 receptors have an equal affinity for Epi and Norepi.
False
*higher affinity for Epi
What effect does Dopamine-1 receptors have on cAMP?
increased levels
-vascular smooth muscle relaxation
What effect does Dopamine-2 receptors have on calcium?
decreased calcium influx
Where is Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine synthesized?
Dopamine-CNS neurons
Epinephrine-SNS neurons in adrenal medulla
Norepinephrine-SNS neurons in adrenal medulla and CNS neurons
What are the alpha agonists and their affinity to A1 or A2?
Phenylephrine/Methoaxamine: A1 > A2
Clonidine: A2 > A1
What are the mixed alpha/beta agonists and their affinity to receptors?
Norepinephrine: A1 = A2, B1 > B2
Epinephrine: A1= A2, B1 = B2
What are the beta-agonists and their affinity to B1 or B2?
Dobutamine: B1 > B2
Isoproteronol: B1 = B2
Terbutaline/Albuterol: B2 > B1
What are the dopamine agonists and their affinity to receptors?
Dopamine: D1 = D2 > B > A
