Sympathomimetics Flashcards
What are the two receptors influenced by the ANS and their respective catecholamine?
Cholinergic-ACH
Adrenergic-NE/Epi
What are the second messengers for Alpha-1 receptors?
Inositol Triphosphate (IP3)
Diacylglycerol (DAG)
Calcium ion
What is the second messenger for Alpha-2, Beta-1, and Beta-2 receptors?
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
What is the second messenger for Phosphodiesterase inhibitors?
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
What effect does Alpha-1 receptors have on calcium?
increases levels of calcium
What effect does Alpha-2 receptors have on cAMP?
decreased circulating levels by inhibition of adenylate cyclase
True or False: Beta-1 receptors have equal affinity for Epi and Norepi.
True
True or False: Beta-2 receptors have an equal affinity for Epi and Norepi.
False
*higher affinity for Epi
What effect does Dopamine-1 receptors have on cAMP?
increased levels
-vascular smooth muscle relaxation
What effect does Dopamine-2 receptors have on calcium?
decreased calcium influx
Where is Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine synthesized?
Dopamine-CNS neurons
Epinephrine-SNS neurons in adrenal medulla
Norepinephrine-SNS neurons in adrenal medulla and CNS neurons
What are the alpha agonists and their affinity to A1 or A2?
Phenylephrine/Methoaxamine: A1 > A2
Clonidine: A2 > A1
What are the mixed alpha/beta agonists and their affinity to receptors?
Norepinephrine: A1 = A2, B1 > B2
Epinephrine: A1= A2, B1 = B2
What are the beta-agonists and their affinity to B1 or B2?
Dobutamine: B1 > B2
Isoproteronol: B1 = B2
Terbutaline/Albuterol: B2 > B1
What are the dopamine agonists and their affinity to receptors?
Dopamine: D1 = D2 > B > A
What is the parent drug to sympathomimetic drugs?
Phenylethylamine
What is the parent drug to sympathomimetic drugs?
Phenylethylamine
What are the metabolism effects of sympathomimetics?
enhanced glycogenolysis in the liver (incr. glucose)
metabolic acidosis (high catecholamine levels)
