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PNS - FINAL > Sympathetic Trunk > Flashcards

Sympathetic Trunk Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Two paravertebral columns of interconnected ganglia?

A

Sympathetic trunk

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2
Q

The fibers carried in the sympathetic trunk are ______ and _____?

A

Ascending and descending

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3
Q

How many ganglia are usually in each sympathetic trunk?

A

21-22

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4
Q 
Name numbers of ganglia:
\_\_\_\_ cervical
\_\_\_\_ thoracic
\_\_\_\_ lumbar
\_\_\_\_ sacral
A

3 cervical
11 thoracic
4 lumbar
4 sacral

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5
Q

The sympathetic trunk extends from _____ to _____

A

Superior cervical ganglion to

Ganglion impar

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6
Q

The cervical sympathetic trunk and ganglia lies between the _____ and the _______.

A

The carotid sheath and

Longus collie and capitis muscles

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7
Q

Are there white rami communicans in the cervical trunk?

A

NO

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8
Q

Are there gray rami communicans in the cervical trunk?

A

Yes - for all of them

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9
Q

There are 3 cervical ganglia - they are?

A

Superior, middle, and inferior cervical ganglia

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10
Q

What forms the stellate ganglion?

A

Fusion of the inferior cervical ganglion with the first cervical ganglion.

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11
Q

Which is the largest of the cervical ganglion?

A

Superior cervical ganglion

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12
Q

Which ganglion is formed by the fusion of the upper four cervical ganglia?

A

Superior cervical ganglion

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13
Q

The superior cervical ganglion is located at what level?

A

C2-C3

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14
Q

The superior cervical ganglion is between _______ and the _______.

A

Carotid sheath and longus capitis muscles.

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15
Q

What fibers are distributed by the superior cervical ganglion through which branches?

A

postganglionic sympathetic,

Anterior, medial, and lateral

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16
Q

Lateral branches of the superior cervical ganglion are the _______.

A

Gray rami communicans

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17
Q

The lateral branches of the superior cervical ganglion communicate with the _____________.

A

Anterior primary rami of C1-C4

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18
Q

What cranial nerves does the lateral branch of the superior cervical ganglion communicate with?

A

CN. IX, X, XII

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19
Q

The medial branches of the superior cervical ganglion travel to which areas?

A

Larynx, pharynx, and heart

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20
Q

The medial of the superior cervical ganglion that go to the heart are called the ______.

A

Superior cardiac nerves

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21
Q

Are the superior cardiac nerves same as vague?

A

NO

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22
Q

The superior cardiac nerves carry _______ information only.

A

efferent

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23
Q

The anterior branches of the superior cervical ganglion innervates what? That supply what?

A

Vessels,

Blood to structures inside and outside the skull

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24
Q

The anterior branches of the superior cervical ganglion follow what?

A

Common and external carotid arteries

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25
Which is the smallest of the cervical sympathetic ganglia?
Middle cervical ganglia
26
The middle cervical ganglia is located at what level?
C6
27
The middle cervical ganglion communicates with ________ nerve via what?
Anterior primary rami of C5 and C6 | Gray rami communicans
28
The thyroid branches of the middle cervical ganglion are primarily what type of nerves?
vasomotor
29
The middle cervical ganglion has what 2 types of branches besides the communication with C5/C6?
Thyroid branches and cardiac branches
30
The thyroid branches of the middle cervical ganglion reach what glands?
Thyroid gland | Parathyroid gland
31
The cardiac branches if the middle cervical ganglion make up what nerves.
Middle cardiac nerves.
32
These middle cardiac nerves contribute to what?
Deep part of the cardiac plexus
33
80% of the time the inferior cervical ganglion does what?
Fuses with the first thoracic ganglion to form the stellate ganglion.
34
The inferior cervical ganglion lies at the level of ______ and _______.
C7 transverse process | Neck of 1st rib
35
The inferior cervical ganglion communicates ___________ via __________.
Anterior primary rami of C7 and C8 (+T1 if fused to form stellate). Gray rami communicans
36
Cardiac branches of the inferior cervical ganglion travel to the heart as what?
Inferior cardiac nerves
37
Branches if the inferior cervical ganglion are sent to what structure?
Subclavian artery
38
The branches of the inferior cervical ganglion form what around the subclavian artery?
plexuses
39
The plexuses are formed by the inferior cervical ganglion are around the subclavian artery and it's branches, principally the ________.
Auxiliary artery and | Vertebral artery
40
There are usually how many thoracic ganglia?
11, sometimes 12
41
Which thoracic nerves have a white ramus communicans?
ALL of them
42
Which thoracic nerves have a gray ramus communicans?
ALL of them
43
In the superior thorax, the thoracic ganglia are located where?
Anterior to the rib heads
44
In the lower part, the thoracic ganglia are located where?
On the lateral aspects of the vertebral bodies
45
Branches for which thoracic ganglia supply the heart and lungs?
Upper 5
46
The upper 5 thoracic ganglia travel in which direction to supplies structures in the thoracic cavity?
medially
47
The upper 5 thoracic ganglia carry what type of fibers and what type of information?
Postganglionic fibers | Visceral afferents
48
What three splanchnic nerves are associated with the lower segments of the thoracic trunk?
Greater, lesser, and least splanchnic nerves
49
The splanchnic nerves of the lower thoracic segments carry what type of fibers and what type of information, to which cavities?
Preganglionic fibers Visceral afferent information Abdominal and pelvic cavities
50
The greater splanchnic nerve is formed from the ______?
5th - 9th ganglia
51
The greater splanchnic nerve sometimes terminates in the ________?
Celiac plexus
52
This nerve sometimes terminates in the celiac plexus.
Greater splanchnic nerve
53
The lesser splanchnic nerve is formed by fibers from _______.
9th & 10th or 10th & 11th ganglia
54
The lesser splanchnic nerve ends in the _______.
aorticorenal ganglion
55
This nerve ends in the aorticorenal ganglion.
Lesser splanchnic nerve
56
The least splanchnic nerve is formed by fibers from ___?
The 12th ganglion
57
The least splanchnic nerve terminates in the ______?
renal plexus
58
The renal plexus is where which nerve terminates?
Least splanchnic nerve
59
The lumbar sympathetic trunks like in which space?
retroperitoneal
60
The lumbar sympathetic trunk lies where?
On the lateral aspects of the lumbar vertebral bodies.
61
How many lumbar ganglia are there usually?
four
62
Which lumbar nerves have a white ramus communicans?
1 and 2, sometimes 3
63
The white ramus communicans carries what types of axons into the sympathetic trunk?
preganglionic sympathetic
64
Which of the lumbar nerves have gray ramus communicans?
ALL four of them
65
2-4 of what type of nerves carry preganglionic axons to the plexus surround the abdominal aorta?
Lumbar splanchnic nerves
66
2-4 lumbar splanchnic nerves carry what type of fibers to a plexus that surrounds what structure?
Preganglionic | Abdominal aorta
67
The sacral sympathetic trunk lie on the anterior of what, medial to what?
Sacrum, | Anterior sacral foramina
68
How many ganglia are present in the sacral sympathetic trunk?
4 or 5
69
Gray rami communicans are associated with which sacral nerves was well as _______.
All | Coccygeal nerve
70
The two sympathetic trunks travel medially as they descend and meet to form the ______.
Ganglion impar
71
Where is the ganglion impar formed?
On the anterior surface of the coccyx.

PNS - FINAL (1 decks)

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