Sympathetic Drugs

Question 1

Epinephrine

Answer 1

B>a. Used in anaphylaxis, open angle glaucoma, treating asthma. At high doses, alpha effects predominate, so can use to treat hypotension.

Question 2

Norepinephrine

Answer 2

A1>A2>B. Used in hypotension, but decreases renal perfusion

Question 3

Isoproterenol

Answer 3

B1=B2. Used to evaluate arrhythmias

Question 4

Dopamine

Answer 4

D1=D2>B>a. Used in unstable bradycardia, heart failure, shock.

Question 5

Dobutamine

Answer 5

B1>B2, a. Used in heart failure to increase inotropy.

Question 6

Phenylephrine

Answer 6

A1>A2. Used in nasal decongestants, hypotension

Question 7

Albuterol, salmeterol, terbutaline

Answer 7

B2>B1, causes bronchodilation, terbutaline decreases premature uterine contractions.

Question 8

Amphetamine

Answer 8

Blocks reuptake, releases stored catecholamines

Question 9

Ephedrine

Answer 9

Releases stored catecholamines

Question 10

Cocaine

Answer 10

Reuptake inhibitor. NEVER give beta blockers if cocaine use suspected will cause rapid increase in BP.

Question 11

Clonidine

Answer 11

Alpha 2 agonist, used in hypertensive urgency to decrease sympathetic outflow, does not decrease renal blood flow. Can cause bradycardia, hypotension, respiratory depression, small pupils

Question 12

A-methyldopa

Answer 12

Alpha 2 agonist. Treats hypertension in pregnancy, safe in pregnancy. Can cause coombs positive hemolytic anemia.

Question 13

Phenoxybenzamine

Answer 13

Irreversible alpha blocker - given to pheochromocytoma patients and in prevention of hypertensive crisis. Toxicity includes orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia.

Question 14

Phentolamine

Answer 14

Reversible alpha blocker given to patients in tyramine crisis.

Question 15

Drugs with -osin endings are…

Answer 15

Alpha 1 selective blockers

Question 16

Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin

Answer 16

Given to treat the urinary symptoms of BPH, Prazosin given for ptsd. all except tamsulosin given in htn.

Question 17

Mirtazapine

Answer 17

Alpha 2 blocker used in depression. Can increase serum cholesterol and appetite

Question 18

Why avoid beta blockers in cocaine patients?

Answer 18

Because will cause unopposed alpha effects leading to hypertensive urgency.

Question 19

Which beta blockers are B1 selective?

Answer 19

All of the ones from a-m. Atenolol, acebutolol, esmolol, betaxolol, metoprolol

Question 20

Which beta blockers aren’t selective?

Answer 20

All of the ones from n-z. Nadolol, propranolol, pindolol, timolol.

Question 21

Timolol used for?

Answer 21

Glaucoma, decrease aqueous humor production.

Question 22

Metoprolol/esmolol used for?

Answer 22

Class II anti-arrhythmics.

Question 23

Carvedilol/labetalol

Answer 23

Alpha and beta antagonists

Question 24

Nebivolol

Answer 24

B1 blocker and B3 agonist which increases No synthase in vascular smooth muscle.