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PHARMACOLOGY > SYMAPTHOMIMETICS DRUG > Flashcards

SYMAPTHOMIMETICS DRUG Flashcards

1
Q

ENDOGENOUS AGONIST ARE:

A

ADRENALINE
NORADRENALINE
DOPAMINE

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2
Q

a1 IS A Gs/Gq/Gi

A

Gq

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3
Q

B1 IS A Gs/Gq/Gi

A

Gs

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4
Q

a2 IS A Gs/Gq/Gi

A

Gi

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5
Q

D IS A Gs/Gq/Gi

A

Gs

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6
Q

B2 IS A Gs/Gq/Gi

A

Gs

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7
Q

WHERE DOES a1 ACT ON AND WHAT IS THE EFFECT?

A

VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE- VASOCONSTRICTION
HEART- + INOTROPIC EFFECT
PROSTATE- CONTRACTION
PUPILLARY DILATED MUSCLES- CONTRACTION (PUPIL DILATATION)

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8
Q

WHRE DOES a2 ACT ON AND WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF a2?

A

PRESYNAPTIC MEMBRANE OF ADRENERGIC AND CHOLINERGIC NERVE - INHIBITION OF THE TRANSMITTER RELEASE
PLATELETS- AGGREGATION

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9
Q

WHERE DOES B1 ACT ON AND WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF B1? (MNEMONICS: BHK1)

A

HEART- POSITIVE EFFECT
KIDNEY (JUXTAGLOMERULAR CELLS) - RENIN SECRETION

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10
Q

WHERE DOES B2 ACT ON AND WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF B3? (MNEMONICS: BML2)

A

RESPIRATORY, VASCULAR AND UTERINE SMOOTH MUSCLE - RELAXATION
PANCREAS - INSULIN SECRETION

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11
Q

WHERE DOES D1 AND D2 CAN BE FOUND?

A

D1 - KIDNEY VASCULAR SMOOTH
D2 -NERVE ENDINGS

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12
Q

STATE THE DIRECT ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS DRUGS NON SELECTIVELY.

A

A1A2B1B2- ADRENALINE
A1A2B1- NORADRENALINE
D1D2B1- DOPAMINE
B1B2- ISOPROTERENOL

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13
Q

SELECTIVE DIRECT ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS DRUG

A

A1- PHENYLEPHRINE
A2- CLONIDINE
B1- DOBUTAMINE
B2- SALBUTAMOL

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14
Q

ADRENALINE IS AN ___ CATECHOLAMINE: HORMONE/ ___/ ___

A

ADRENALINE IS AN ENDOGENOUS CATECHOLAMINE: HORMONE/ NT/ MEDICATION

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15
Q

ADRENALINE IS GIVEN VIA

A

PARENTERAL ROUTE, IN AN EMERGENCY SITUATION, IT WAS GIVEN VIA IV.

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16
Q

ADRENALINE IS HYDROPHOBIC/ HYDROPHILIC.

A

HYDROPHILIC

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17
Q

ADRENALINE IS RAPIDLY INACTIVATED BY

A

COMT AND MAO

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18
Q

STATE THE EFFECTS OF ADRENALINE.

A
  1. REDISTRIBUTION OF BF
    - REDUCES THE CUTANEOUS BF (VASOCONSTRICTION)
    - INCREASES THE MYOCARDIAL AND SKELETAL MUSCLE BF
  2. HEART POSITVE
  3. BRONCHIAL DILATION
  4. REDUCES MUCOSAL SECRETION/ CONGESTION
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19
Q

ADRENALINE IS GIVEN IV DURING

A
  • CARDIAC ARREST
  • ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK
  • SEVERE ACUTE ASTMA (STATUS ASTMATICUS)
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20
Q

ADRENALINE IS GIVEN TOPICALLY DURING

A

PROLONG ACTION OF LOCAL ANESTHETICS DUE TO LOCAL VASOCONSTRICTION

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21
Q

NORADRENALINE IS GIVEN VIA

A

IV IN DISTRIBUTIVE/ VASODILATORY SHOCK SUCH AS IN ANAPHYLACTIC/ SEPTIC SHOCK

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22
Q

NORADRENALINE’S EFFECT

A

VASOCONSTRICTION
OTHER SYMPATHETIC EFFECT

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23
Q

NORADRENALINE IS SECRETED BY

A

ADRENAL MEDULLA AND THE SYMPATHETIC NERVE TERMINALIS

24
Q

DOPAMINE IS THE PRECURSOR FOR

A

ADRENALINE AND NA

25
Q

DOPAMINE IS GIVEN VIA

A

IV

26
Q

DOPAMINE IS A DOSE DEPENDENT EFFECT IN WHICH
- LOW CONCENTRATION- STIMULATE ___
- MODERATE CONCENTRATION - STIMULATE ___
- HIGH CONCENTRATION - STIMULATE ___

A

DOPAMINE IS A DOSE DEPENDENT EFFECT IN WHICH
- LOW CONCENTRATION- STIMULATE D1 AND D2
- MODERATE CONCENTRATION - STIMULATE B1
- HIGH CONCENTRATION - STIMULATE A1

27
Q

CLINICAL USE OF DOPAMINE

A
  • SHOCK (CARDIOGENIC SHOCK)
  • CHF (INCREASE CO)
  • RENAL INSUFFICIENCY ( INCREASE RENAL FILTRATION AND CAUSE DIURETIC EFFECT)
28
Q

EFFECT OF PHENYLEPHRINE`

A

ARTERIAL VASOCONSTRICTION -> INCREASE BP
MUCOSAL DECONGESTION
MYDRIASIS

29
Q

PHENYLEPHRINE IS GIVEN VIA

A

TOPICAL (INTRANASAL)
IV ROUTE

30
Q

CLINICAL USE OF PHENYLEPHRINE

A

NASAL DECONGESTANT (T(X) OF RHINITIS)

31
Q

STATE THE DRUG OF A2 SELECTIVE AND ITS EFFECT.

A

A2 SELECTIVE - CLONIDINE

EFFECT
1. REDUCES BP
2. BRADYCARDIA

32
Q

STATE HOW DOES A2 WORKS

A
  1. PREVENT THE RELEASE OF NA -> REDUCES THE SYMPATHETIC OUTFLOW
  2. ACTIVATE THE PARASYMPATHETIC REGULATION OF CVS
33
Q

STATE HOW CLONIDINE IS BEING ADMINISTERED

A

ORAL

34
Q

CLINICAL USE OF CLONIDINE

A

HPT

35
Q

STATE THE DRUG OF B1 SELECTIVE.

A

DOBUTAMINE

36
Q

STATE THE EFFECT OF DOBUTAMINE

A

POSITIVE HEART EFFECTS

37
Q

HOW DOES DOBUTAMINE ADMINISTERED

A

IV

38
Q

DOBUTAMINE IS USE IN

A

CHF

39
Q

STATE THE NAME OF DRUG FOR B2 SELECTIVE AND ITS EFFECT

A

B2 SELECTIVE- SALBUTAMOL

EFFECT
1. SMOOTH MUSCLE DILATION
- BRONCHIAL DILATION
- VASODILATION
- UTERINE MUSCLE DILATION

40
Q

THE ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION FOR SALBUTAMOL

A

INHALATION
ORAL
IV

41
Q

CLINICAL USE OF SALBUTAMOL

A

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
T(X) OF PRETERM LABOUR

42
Q

B2 SELECTIVE ADR

A

REFLEX TACHYCARDIA

43
Q

ADR OF PHENYLEPHRINE

A

DEVELOP TOLERANCE
REBOUND CONGESTION
CNS STIMULATION

44
Q

STATE THE INDIRECT ACTING SYMPATHOMIMETICS DRUG:
- RELEASING AGENT
- UPTAKE INHIBITOR
- MAO/ COMT INHIBITOR

A
  • RELEASING AGENT- AMPHETAMINE
  • UPTAKE INHIBITOR- AMITRIPTYLINE, COCAINE
  • MAO/ COMT INHIBITOR- SELEGILINE
45
Q

DESC AMPHETAMINE

A

AMPHETAMINE IS A RELEASING AGENT
IT WILL STIMULATE THE RELEASE OF CATECHOLAMINES WHICH ARE NA AND ADRENALINE FROM THEIR VESICLES IN NERVE TERMINALS
IT WILL CAUSE INCREASE IN BP AND MYOCARDIAL STIMULATION
IT WILL ALSO CAUSE EUPHPRIA, EXCITATION, AND DELIRIUM
AMPHETAMINE IS USE IN ADHD PT AS WELL LOA (APPETITE SUPPRESSANT)

46
Q

MOA OF AMITRIPTYLINE

A

BLOCK THE UPTAKE OF NA FROM THE SYNAPSE BACK TO THE NERVE TERMINAL IN CNS -> MORE NA PRESENT IN SYNAPSE AND INTERACT WITH RECEPTOS

47
Q

EFFECTS OF UPTAKE INHIBITOR DRUG

A

UPTAKE INHIBITOR - AMITRIPTYLINE

EFFECT:
- IMPROVE MOOD
- TACHYCARDIA
- ARRHYTHMIAS

48
Q
A
49
Q

CLINICAL USE OF UPTAKE INHIBITORS

A

DEPRESSION

50
Q

MAO INHIBITORS

A
  • METABOLISE CATECHOLAMINE (ADR, NA, DOPAMINE) AND SEROTONIN
  • PRESENT INTRACELLULARLY
  • PRESENT IN THE CNS ONLY
  • HAS 2 ISOFORMS
    1. MAO-A: PREFERENCE TO NA, SEROTONIN, ADR
    2. MAO-B: PREFERENCE TO DOPAMINE
51
Q

COMT INHIBITORS

A
  • METABOLISE CATECHOLAMINES
  • PRESENT EXTRACELLULARLY
  • PRESENT IN THE CNS AND PERIPHERAL TISSUES
52
Q

PHENELZINE

A

A NON SELECTIVE MAO- AND B INHIBITORS
IT PREVENT DEGRADATION OF CATECHOLAMINES IN NERVE TERMINALS
IT IS USE IN DEPRESSION

53
Q

SELEGILINE

A

A SELECTIVE MAO- B INHIBITORS
IT PREVENT DEGARADATION MAINLY THE DOPAMINE IN NERVE TERMINALIS
IT IS USE IN PARKINSON DISEASE

54
Q

TOLCAPONE

A

A COMT INHIBIT AND PREVENT DEGRADATION OF LEVODOPA (ANTIPARKINSON DRUG), PERIPHERALLY AND DOPAMINE (CENTRALLY)
IT IS USE TO TREAT PARKINSON DISEASE

55
Q

EPHEDRINE

A

A NONSELECTIVE AGONIST A1A2B1B2
INCREASE THE NA RELEASE
ORAL ROUTE
EFFECT: INCREASE TPR, POSITIVE HEART EFFECT, BRONCHIAL DILATION AND CNS STIMULATION

PHARMACOLOGY (9 decks)

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