Sx Flashcards
Sx:
Sore throat, sneezing, aversion to cold, fever, slight sweating, tonsillitis, thirst, floating-rapid pulse
Dx:?
Dx: Wind-Heat
What are the four levels?
Wei (defensive Qi)
Qi
Ying (nutritive Qi)
Xue (Blood)
How is an interior-Dz Dx’d?
Sx/ ?s/ etc
Interrogation
How is an exterior Dz determined?
Sx vs Interrogation
Sx
How do EPF enter the body?
Skin, nose, or mouth (lungs)
Is skin more prone to W-C or to W-H?
Skin is more prone to W-C
Are nose and mouth more prone to W-C or to W-H?
W-H is more likely to invade nose and mouth
Sx arise suddenly and change rapidly…. What is it?
Exterior Wind
Contraction, pain, watery discharge… What is it?
Exterior Cold
Turbid, sticky discharges, gradually made worse….what is it?
Exterior Damp Invasion
Mental restlessness…. What could it be if combined with thirst, feeling of being hot?
EPF Heat/ Fire
What are the defining characteristics of exterior wind cold as opposed to other cold Sx?
Arrises suddenly
Not relieved by covering oneself (Aversion to Cold)
Fever
What kind of cold is chronic, and is relieved by covering oneself?
Yang Deficiency
Aversion to cold (subjective) combined SIMULTANEOUSLY with an objective fever is a general Sx of what?
EPF
What causes aversion to cold?
Obstruction of the cou lis by external wind
What is the difference betweenAversion to Wind, Fear of Cold, Shivers, and Aversion to Cold?
Fear of cold: patient can relieve the sensation of cold by staying indoors and warm
Aversion to Wind: goose pimples, hates wind, stays indoors
Aversion to cold: very hard for patient to relieve the feeling of cold.
Shivers: same as aversion plus shivering
TCM fever vs Western Fever
TCM: heat emitting from patient’s skin
Western: body temperature increased significantly
Is palm heat considered full heat or empty heat?
Empty
Aversion to cold shows that EPF is where?
Still on exterior
Is Aversion to Cold always a Sx of EPF?
Yes
What is fever a struggle between?
Upright Qi
Vs
EPF
(If either weakens, fever will reduce therefore could be good or bad)
Does Fever indicate W-C or W-H?
Neither- it is simply a Sx of struggle b/w upright Qi and EPF
What is the order of invasion of EPF?
Order:
Skin, superficial connecting channels, connecting channels, main channels, organs
Sx of EPF Cold Invading Stomach?
Acute epigastric pain, vomitting, no other exterior signs, some other cold signs.
Sx of EPF Cold invading SI/ LI?
No external Sx.
Acute diarrhoea, abdominal pain, cold Sx
Sx of EPF Cold invading Uterus?
No exterior Sx. Acute dysmenorrhoea.
Where does EPF wind invade?
1: Cou-lis, Defensive Qi of Lungs
2: Muscles and Channels
3: Joints
Sx:
Aversion to cold, sore throat, sneezing, fever, runny nose, occipital stiffness, floating pulse.
Cause?
Location?
EPF Wind
Lung’s Wei Qi and/ or Cous-Lis
Sx: Stiffness in the limbs, rigidity and contraction of the muscles with sudden onset.
Cause?
Location?
EPF Wind
Has invaded Muscles and Channels
Sx: pain that moves from joint to joint, esp. in upper part of body.
Cause?
Location of Dz?
EPF wind in Joints.
Where can EPF cold invade?
- Muscles and Sinews
- Joints
- Stomach
- SI/ LI
- Uterus
Sx:
Stiffness, contraction on muscles, pain, chilliness, aversion to cold, sudden onset
Cause?
Location?
EPF Cold
In the Muscles and Sinews
Sx:
Severe pain in a joint as in Cold Painful Obstruction Syndrome
Cause?
Location?
EPF Cold in the Joints
Sx:
Sudden Epigastric pain with vomiting
Cause?
Location?
EPF Cold in Stomach
Sx:
Sudden abdominal pain with diarrhoea
Cause?
Location?
EPF Cold in SI/ LI
Sx:
Sudden acute dysmenorrhoea.
Cause?
Location?
EPF Cold in Uterus
Sx:
Aversion to cold, fever, sweating, headache, dark urine, floating-rapid pulse.
Cause?
EPF Summer-Heat
Where can EPF Damp invade?
- Muscles and Sinews
- Joints
- Lower Jiao
- Skin
- Sp/ St
Sx:
Sudden feeling of heaviness of the limbs, dull ache of muscles
Cause?
Location?
EPF Damp in muscles and sinews.
Sx:
Pain, heaviness, swelling of joints as in Damp Painful Obstruction Syndrome, starts suddenly.
Cause?
Location?
EPF Damp in joints
Sx:
Acute urinary discomfort and/ or acute vaginal discharge
Cause?
EPF Damp in Lower Jiao
Sx:
Acute skin Dz with vesicles or papules
Cause?
EPF Damp in skin
Sx:
Tongue shows rootless coating, or no coating in the centre, epigastric pain, thirst, dry stools.
Dx?
St Yin Xu
How do Beta-Blockers affect the pulse?
Make it slower and deeper
How do tranquilizers affect the pulse?
Make it sluggish and reluctant
What do antibiotics do to the tongue?
Make it patchy/ peeled in spots.
What do oral steroids do to the tongue?
Make it swollen and red
What Dx can be attributed to chronic canabis use?
Kidney Xu
Zhi (willpower of the kidneys) Xu
Heart Blood issues
Yi (intellect of Spleen) issues
What TCM Dx could be attributed to chronic cocaine abuse?
Phlegm-Fire in the Heart
What TCM DX could be caused by LSD use?
Heart Fire
What TCM Dx can use of Ecstasy lead to?
Weak Kidneys
Obstruction of Heart Orifices
What change can a barrel chest and epigastrium indicate?
Excess of the Stomach
Very large upper thighs that are out of proportion with the rest of the body could indicate which TCM condition?
Spleen Deficiency
A thin and emaciated body can indicate which longstanding conditions?
Blood or Yin deficiency
An overweight body can indicate which TCM condition?
Sp Yang Xu with Damp/ Phlegm retention
What could weak or stiff sinews indicate?
Liver disharmony
What can hardening of the blood vessels indicate?
Heart disharmony
What could weak or flaccid muscles indicate?
Spleen Xu
What could flaccid skin indicate?
Lung Qi Xu
What could brittle bones indicate?
Kidney Xu
Pronounced tremors and convulsions…. Dx?
Full Wind (often from Heat)
Small tremors and tics… Dx?
Empty Wind (Blood and/or Yin Xu)
Paralysis of a limb…. Dx?
Internal wind, related to Liver
Stiffness and rigidity… Empty or full pattern?
Full pattern, possibly Qi Stasis, Blood Stasis, or in extreme cases, external wind.
Hair falling out…Dx?
Blood or Kidney Essence issue
Prematurely grey hair… Indicates decline of?
Kidney essence
Thickness and lustre of hair are related to which organ?
Liver, esp Liver Blood
A complexion with good moisture is said to have what?
Stomach Qi
If the complexion is glowing, bright, lively, it is said to have what?
Spirit
What are the four attributes of a normal complexion?
Lustre
Subtle slightly reddish hue
‘Contained’ or ‘veiled’ colour
Moisture
What are the 6 pathological face colours?
Black Blue Green Red Yellow White
What does a white complexion indicate?
Blood xu- dull white
Yang Xu - bright white
Yang Xu with Cold- bluish white
What complexion colour would indicate St / Sp Xu?
Sallow yellow
Sx: D-H, w/ H++
Complexion?
Bright orange-yellow
Smoky, dull yellow complexion…
Dx?
Damp Heat with prevalence of Dampness
Withered, dry, yellow complexion
Dx?
St/ Sp Heat
Complexion for Cold-Damp in St and Sp?
Dull, pale yellow
Ash-like yellow complexion…Dx?
Longstanding dampness
Pale yellow complexion surrounded by red spots…
Dx?
Spleen Xu and stasis of Liver Blood
Clear complexion but with moist yellow between eyebrows…Dx?
Stomach Qi recovering after an illness
Dried up, withered looking yellow colour between the eyes
Dx?
Poor prognosis
Entirely red face
Dx?
Full heat
Red cheekbones
Dx?
Empty heat
Green face
Dx?
Liver patterns
Interior cold
Pain
Interior wind
Pale greenish under eyes
Dx?
Liver Qi stasis
Liver Blood Xu
Greenish cheeks
Dx?
Liver Qi Stasis
Liver Blood stasis
Cold in Liver Channel
Liver Wind
Green complexion with a red tinge
Dx?
Lesser-Yang pattern
Green complexion with red eyes
Dx?
Liver Fire
Yellow-green cheeks
Dx?
Phlegm with Liver-Yang Rising
Green nose
Dx?
Qi Stagnation with abdominal pain
Dark reddish-green complexion
Dx?
Stagnant liver Qi turning into heat
Grass-green complexion
Dx?
Collapse of Liver Qi
What does a dark blue colour under the eyes indicate?
Cold in the liver chanel
What does a white-blue complexion indicate?
Cold or chronic pain
What does a dull bluish complexion indicate?
Severe heart-yang xu with blood stasis
What does a bluish complexion indicate in children?
Liver Wind
What does a black and moist complexion indicate?
Cold, pain, or kidney Dz
What does a black, dried up, burnt looking complexion indicate?
Heat, pain, Kidney Dz, esp. Kidney Yin Xu
What does a floating colour in the complexion indicate?
Exterior
Mild
Yang
If a colour is deep in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
Interior
Severe
Yin
If a colour is distinct in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
Yang condition
Upright Qi still intact
If a colour is obscure in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
Yin condition
Upright Qi exhausted
If a colour is thin in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
Xu
If a colour is thick in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
Fullness/ excess
If a colour is scattered in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
New Dz
If a colour is concentrated in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
Old Dz
If a colour is moist in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
Good prognosis
If a colour is dry in the complexion what do we know about the condition?
Poor prognosis
Which three types of conditions can we gather information about from a patient’s complexion?
- Actual disharmonies
- Constitutional traits
- Aetiological factors (ie: prenatal shock, etc)
What could a greenish colour on the tip of the nose tell us?
Liver (green colour) invading spleen (tip of nose is spleen area), therefore the spleen issues are caused by and therefore secondary to the liver issues.
If the eyes are dull or clouded, what might be wrong?
Disturbed mind (possibly a long time suffering) Essences of the five yin organs have been weakened
Which organ are the corners of the eyes related to?
The heart
Which part of the eye represents the health of the kidney?
The pupil
Which part of the body is the upper eyelid related to?
Spleen
Greater Yang Channels
Which part of the eye relates to the stomach?
Lower eyelid
The sclera relates to which organ, and can show which things?
The lungs
Lesions of the back or chest esp. haematomas, the upper part reflecting the back, the lower reflecting the chest.
Red veins in the sclera with purple spots on them, and green/ blue/ purple/ red spots on the end are classic for this
Which part of the eye relates to the liver?
The iris
What does a yellow colour in the sclera indicate?
Damp heat in the lungs (earth overtaking metal)
What would be indicated by redness, pain and swelling of the entire eye?
EPF Wind-Heat
Or
Liver-Fire Rising
What would a swelling under the eyes indicate?
Kidney defficiency
What would a dull white colour in the corner of the eyes indicate?
Heat
What would a pale-white colour in the corners of the eyes indicate?
Blood defficiency
What would be indicated by eyes with grey or scattered spots like clouds indicate?
Qi is injured,and therefore stagnant.
What is indicated by deep black spots in the eyes?
Injury of blood creating stasis
What is indicated by clearly visible, spiral shaped red veins in the eyes?
Pain
What organ does the bridge of the nose correlate to?
The liver
What organ does the tip of the nose correlate to?
The spleen
If the tip of the nose is green or blue, what is indicated?
Cold in Spleen, with abdominal pain
What does a yellow nose-tip indicate?
Damp heat in Spleen
What does a white nose-tip indicate?
Blood Defficiency
What does a red nose-tip indicate?
Heat in lungs and spleen
What does a grey nose-tip indicate?
Impairment of water movement
What does a greenish tone on the bridge of the nose indicate?
Liver Qi Stagnation
Sx: greyish or dark at bridge of nose.
Dx?
Liver Blood Stasis
Sx:
Red at bridge of nose
Dx?
Liver Fire
Sx: nose slightly moist and shiny
Dx?
Good prognosis
Sx: dry nose
Dx?
Stomach or Large Intestine Heat
Sx:
Dry and Black nose
Dx?
Toxic heat
Sx: clear watery discharge from nose
Dx?
Cold pattern
Sx: thick yellow discharge from nose
Dx?
Heat Pattern
Sx:Flaring of the nostrils with high fever
Dx?
extreme heat in lungs
Deep red pharynx
Dx?
Interior OR exterior heat
Pale red pharynx
Dx?
Empty heat
Acute pain, redness and swelling of the throat
Dx?
Wind-Heat Invasion
Chronic pain, redness, and swelling of the throat.
Dx?
Stomach heat
Chronically sore and dry throat that is not swollen or red.
Dx?
Lung/ Kidney-Yin deficiency with empty heat
Pale-red throat
Dx?
Empty heat affecting the lung/ Kidney channel
Erosion, redness and swelling of the throat
Dx?
Toxic heat
Erosion, swelling, yellowish red throat.
Dx?
Excess heat in Stomach and Intestines
Chronic erosion of throat that comes and goes:
Dx?
Empty heat
Chronic dryness of throat with erosion and greyish ulcers
Dx?
Severe yin deficiency
Chronic erosion of the throat with ulcers that have raised, hard edges:
Dx?
Blood stasis with Phlegm Heat
Swollen tonsils of normal colour
Dx?
Retention of damp or phlegm on a background of Qi Deficiency
Chronically red and swollen tonsils
Dx?
Heat or toxic heat often in the stomach / Large Intestine (Yang Ming) channel.
Acutely red and swollen tonsils
Dx?
Invasion of Wind-Heat with accompanying Toxic Heat
Chronic redness and swelling of the tonsils that comes and goes
Dx?
chronic Stomach Heat Or Chronic Large Intestine heat (Both yang ming) OR Empty-Heat in Lung channel
Acutely red and swollen tonsils with exudate
Dx?
Invasion of Wind-Heat, complicated by Toxic Heat in Yangming (St & LI)
Greyish tonsils
Dx?
Acute stage of glandular fever (Mononucleosis)
Pitting oedema of the hands
Dx?
Lung-yang defficiency
Pitting oedema of the feet
Dx?
Kidney Yang deficiency
Pitting oedema of the four limbs
Dx?
Spleen Yang dificiency
Oedema of the four limbs that doesn’t pit
Dx?
Dampness
OR
Qi Stagnation
Acute oedema of the hands and face
Wind Water invading the Lungs
What can cause flaccidity of the four limbs?
Acute:
Lung Heat injuring body fluids
Chronic:
Damp Heat in Spleen and Stomach
Spleen and Stomach Deficiency
Kidney-Yin Deficiency
What can a severe case of flaccidity of the four limbs turn into?
Atrophy of the four limbs
Rigidity of the four limbs in the elderly
Dx?
Liver Wind
Rigidity of the four limbs from internal causes
Dx?
- Liver Yang Rising
- Liver Damp; Kidney Yin Deficiency
- Spleen Damp; Kidney Yang Deficiency
Acute rigidity of the four limbs
Invasion of EPF Wind
Rigidity of the four limbs accompanied by swelling and painful joints
Dx?
Painful Obstruction Syndrome with dampness and Phlegm
Inability to flex the joints
Dx?
Phlegm with internal wind in the channels
Rigidity accompanied by pain in the joints or muscles, which is worse at night
Dx?
Blood stasis
Sx: White ears
Dx?
Cold Pattern
Sx: Bluish or dark ears:
Dx?
Pain
Sx: Dry, withered, dark ear lobes
Dx?
Exhaustion of Kidney Qi, usually the Kidney Yin
Sx: Shiny and moist ear lobes
Dx?
Good Prognosis
Sx: Swelling and pain of middle ear
Dx?
Heat in Lesser Yang Channels
GB, TH
Sx: Swollen Ear
Dx?
EPF
Sx: Thin Ear
Dx?
Qi or Blood Deficiency
Sx: Long and full lobe of ear
Dx?
Strong constitution
Sx: Small ear lobes
Dx?
Poor constitution
Sx: Pale, red, moist and shiny lips
Dx?
normal, good state of spleen
Sx: Pale lips
Dx?
Yang or Blood Deficiency
Sx: Red and dry lips
Dx:
heat in the Stomach and Spleen
Sx: Purple or bluish lips
Dx?
Blood Stasis
Sx: Mouth slightly open
Dx?
Empty pattern
Sx: Breathing through mouth
Dx?
Lung-Qi Deficiency
Sx: greenish around the mouth
Dx?
Liver-Blood Stasis, or Liver-Qi Stagnation
Sx: Swollen and painful gums
Dx?
Stomach Heat
Sx: Swollen gums without pain
Dx?
Empty heat of the stomach
Sx: Pale gums
Dx?
Blood Deficiency
Sx: Moist teeth
Dx?
good state of the kidneys
Sx: Dry teeth
Dx?
Kidney Yin Deficiency
Sx: Bright and very dry teeth
Dx?
heat in the Yang-Ming (Bright Yang) (Large Intestine and Stomach), esp febrile disease (fiery, inflamed, possibly seizures)
Sx: Dry and greyish teeth
Dx?
empty heat from Kidney Yin Deficiency
Deep red pharynx
Dx?
Interior or exterior heat
Pale red pharynx
Dx?
Empty heat
Acute pain, swelling, redness of throat
Dx?
Wind-Heat invasion
Chronic pain, swelling, redness of the throat
Dx?
Stomach heat
Chronically sore or dry throat that is not swollen or red
Dx?
Lung/ kidney yin deficiency with empty heat
Pale red throat (as opposed to pharynx)
Dx?
Empty heat affecting the lung/ kidney channels
Erosion, redness, swelling of the pharynx?
Toxic heat
Erosion, swelling, yellow-red colour of pharynx
Dx?
Full heat in Stomach and Intestines
Chronic erosion of pharynx that comes and goes
Dx?
Empty heat
Chronic dryness and erosion of pharynx with greyish ulcers
Severe yin xu
Chronic erosion of the pharynx with ulcers that have raised, hard edges
Dx?
Blood stasis with Phlegm-Heat
When are greyish tonsils most often seen?
In the acute stages of mono (glandular fever)
Swollen tonsils of normal colour
Dx?
Retention of Damp or Phlegm with Qi Deficiency
Chronically red and swollen tonsils
Dx?
Heat or Toxic Heat, generally in the Stomach and/or Large Intestine channel
Acutely red and swollen tonsils
Dx?
Invasion of Wind-Heat with accompanying Toxic Heat
Chronic redness and swelling of the tonsils that comes and goes
Dx?
Either chronic heat in the Stomach and /or Large Intestine channel or Empty-Heat in the Lung channel
Acutely red and swollen tonsils with exudate
Dx?
Invasion of Wind-HEAT, complicated by Toxic Heat in the Stomach and/or Large Intestine channel
Greyish tonsils:
Dx?
Acute stage of glandular fever (mononucleosis)
Why do the limbs indicate the state of the Spleen and Stomach?
Spleen - b/c it influences the muscles
Stomach - b/c it transports food and essences to the limbs
what do flabby muscles indicate?
Deficiency of the Stomach and Spleen
What is swelling of the joints of the four limbs generally due to?
Painful Obstruction (Bi) Syndrome, especially from Damp, possibly with phlegm, often from liver-blood deficiency.
Swelling joints that are red and hot to the touch
Dx?
Retention of damp heat in the joints
What are the two types of Odema?
Water Odema
Qi Odema
What is water Oedema due to?
Yang Deficiency
Is pitting oedema water oedema or qi oedema?
Pitting oedema is always Water Oedema
Skin pits and changes colour upon pressure with finger tips
Dx?
Water oedema, which is always due to Yang Deficiency
Pitting oedema in the hands
Dx? (With location)
Lung-Yang Deficiency
Pitting oedema in the feet
Dx?
Kidney Yang Deficiency and/or Spleen Yang Deficiency
What generally causes acute flaccidity of the four limbs?
Invasion of Wind-Heat in the lungs
Non-pitting oedema of the four limbs
Dx?
Qi Stagnation affecting the muscles
or
dampness of the muscles
Acute oedema of the hands and face
Dx?
Invasion of the lungs by wind-water, which is a type of wind-cold.
What are three potential causes of flaccidity of the limbs that is not acute?
Damp-Heat injuring the body fluids Or Stomach and Spleen Deficiency Or Kidney-Yin Deficiency
Rigidity of the limbs accompanied by swelling and pain of the joints
Dx?
Painful Obstruction syndrome with Dampness and Phlegm.
Inability to flex the joints in the elderly
Dx?
(3 causes)
Phlegm with internal wind in the channels OR Liver Wind OR If acute, invasion of external wind
Rigidity accompanied by pain in the joints or muscles, worse at night
Dx?
Blood Stasis
Acute rigidity of the limbs
Dx?
Invasion of external wind
Causes of Rigidity of the Limbs?
Invasion of external wind Liver Yang Rising Liver Wind (elderly) Phlegm with internal wind in channels (elderly) Painful Obstruction Syndrome with Ph-D Blood Stasis Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency Spleen and Kidney Yang Deficiency
What is the difference between paralysis of a limb and rigidity?
Inability to use muscles or joint (paralysis)
Vs
Inability to flex the joint (rigidity)
What are some of the underlying complexities leading to a stroke?
Phlegm
Internal Wind
Internal Heat
Qi and Blood or Yin Deficiency
What are the main deficiency type causes of paralysis of the limbs?
Stomach and Spleen deficiency
Qi and Blood Deficiency
Kidney and Liver Yin Deficiency
What are the main excess causes of paralysis of the limbs?
Retention of damp in the muscles
Blood stasis
Phlegm and internal wind in the channels
Acute, self-resolving contraction of the four limbs
Dx?
Invasion of Wind
Non-acute contraction of the four limbs
Dampness in the muscles Or Heat injuring fluids in the muscles Or Liver Blood Deficiency Or Liver Yin Deficiency
Tremor of the hands
Dx?
Liver Wind
Tremor of the four limbs in the elderly
Dx?
Liver Wind and Phlegm affecting the channels and sinews
Fine tremor in women
Liver-Wind deriving from Liver-Blood Deficiency
Or
Liver and Kidney Yin Deficiency, esp in Elderly
Mild, fine tremor of the limbs
Dx?
General Qi and Blood Deficiency
Spasticity and tremor in febrile disease
Dx?
Liver Wind or Empty wind from Yin Depletion
General Tremor or Spasticity with no other specifics, but some yang or liver Sx
Dx?
Liver - Yang Rising
Pale nails
Dx?
Blood Xu
Bluish nails
Dx?
Blood Stasis of Liver
Ridged Nails
Dx?
Liver-Blood Xu
Bluish venules on the Thenar Eminance
Dx?
Cold in the Stomach
Bluish and short venules on the Thenar Eminance
Dx?
Empty pattern of cold in the stomach
Red venules on the thenar eminance
Dx?
heat in the stomach
Purple venules on the thenar eminance
Dx?
Blood stasis in the stomach
Is the left or right index finger examined in baby boys/girls?
Girls are Right
Boys are Left
What are the three gates in a child’s index finger, and where are they located?
Gate of Wind (crease between palm and finger)
Gate of Qi (crease just distal to the palm/finger crease)
Gate of Life (crease just proximal to tip of finger)
Which direction do we rub a child’s finger in order to Dx?
Towards the body, looking for venules.
What do we look for in the venules on a child’s finger besides how far they extend?
Colour:
Blue - cold pattern
Red - heat pattern
Dry Skin
Dx?
Liver blood deficiency
Itchy Skin
Dx?
Wind
Bright yellow skin
Dx?
Yang Jaundice from Damp-heat
Dull yellow skin
Yin jaundice from Damp-Cold
Red venules on skin
Heat in blood
Purple venules on skin
Dx?
Stasis of Blood
Green venules of skin
Dx?
Pain
Blue venules of skin
Dx?
Cold
Papules on skin
Dx?
Heat in lungs or stomach or both
Vesicles on skin
Dx?
Dampness
Macules on skin
Dx?
Blood level disharmony
Red- heat in blood
Purple- blood stasis
Bluish - cold in blood
What are the four main items we observe in a tongue?
Colour
Shape
Coating
Moisture
What does the body colour of the tongue reflect the condition of overall?
Blood
Nutritive Qi / Yin organs
Heat vs Cold
Yin vs Yang
What does the body shape of the tongue reflect overall?
The state of blood and nutritive qi as well as fullness or deficiency
what does the coating of the tongue reflect overall?
yang organs
Heat vs Cold
Fullness vs Deficiency
What does the moisture of the tongue reflect?
Body Fluids
Which organ does the (practitioner) left side of the tongue reflect?
Gallbladder
Which organ does the practitioner’s right (patient’s left) side of the tongue reflect?
Liver
Which organ does the very front of the tongue reflect?
Heart
Which organ does the area just behind the very front of the tongue reflect?
lungs
Which organs does the middle of the tongue reflect?
Stomach and Spleen
Which organs are reflected on the rear of the tongue?
Kidneys
Bladder
Small and Large Intestines
What does a pale tongue indicate?
Yang or Blood Deficiency
What does a pale, very wet tongue indicate?
Yang Deficiency
What does a pale and dry tongue indicate?
Blood Deficiency
What does a tongue with pale sides only indicate?
Liver Blood deficiency
What does a tongue with orange tinted sides indicate?
Severe liver-blood deficiency
What does a red tongue indicate?
Heat
What does a red tongue with coating indicate?
Full Heat
What does a red tongue with no coating indicate?
Empty heat
What does a tongue with a red tip indicate?
Heat in heart, either empty or full
What do red sides on a tongue indicate if there is some coating on the tongue?
Liver fire or GB heat
What does a tongue that has red sides with no coating indicate?
Liver Yin Deficiency with empty heat
What is indicated by a tongue with a red centre?
With Coating: Full Heat of the Stomach
Without Coating: Empty Heat of Stomach
What is indicated by red points/ spots on the tip of a tongue?
Heart-Fire
What do red points or spots indicate if they are on the sides of the tongue?
Liver Fire
What do red points or spots on the root of the tongue indicate?
Heat in the lower burner
What do red points or spots indicate if they are in or around the centre of the tongue?
Stomach heat
What does a purple tongue indicate?
Blood stasis
What does a reddish purple tongue indicate?
Blood stasis from heat
What does a bluish-purple tongue indicate?
Blood stasis from cold
What does a tongue with reddish-purple sides indicate?
Liver-Blood stasis
What does a tongue with bluish purple sides indicate in a female?
Blood stasis in the uterus
What does a tongue that is purple in the centre indicate?
Blood stasis in the stomach
What does a thin, pale tongue indicate?
Blood deficiency
What does a thin, red tongue indicate?
Yin deficiency
What does a swollen tongue indicate?
Dampness or Phlegm
What does a partially swollen tongue indicate?
Heat
What does a tongue that is swollen with a red tip indicate?
Severe heart fire
What does a tongue that is swollen with red sides indicate?
Liver Fire
What does a tongue that is swollen on the sides and pale indicate?
Spleen deficiency
What does a tongue that has swelling in the front third of the tongue only indicate?
Phlegm in the lungs
What does a tongue that is stiff indicate?
interior wind
What does a flaccid tongue indicate?
Deficiency of the Body Fluids
What does a tongue that is long indicate?
Heat
What does a tongue that is short and pale indicate?
Severe yang deficiency
What does a tongue that is short and red without coating indicate?
Severe Yin Deficiency
What does a tongue that is cracked indicate?
Full heat or yin deficiency
What does a quivering tongue indicate?
Spleen-Qi deficiency
What does a deviated tongue indicate?
Interior wind
What does a tooth-marked tongue indicate?
Spleen-Qi Deficiency
Does the tongue coating reflect the yin or the yang organs?
Yang, especially the stomach
What does a normal tongue coating look like
Thin and white
What does a thick coating indicate?
EPF
Does a thicker or thinner coating indicate a stronger EPF?
Thicker
What is indicated when a tongue coating is without root?
Stomach Qi Deficiency
What condition is indicated by the partial absence of coating on a tongue?
Patchy - often from steroid use
Otherwise it’s Stomach Yin Deficiency
What does a total absence of coating on a red tongue indicate?
Stomach and /or Kidney Yin deficiency with empty heat.
What does a thick white tongue coating indicate?
Cold EPF
What does a yellow tongue coating indicate?
Full-Heat Pattern
What does a grey and black tongue coating on a wet tongue indicate?
Extreme cold
What does a grey and black coating on a dry tongue indicate?
Extreme heat
What does the moisture of the tongue reflect?
The state of the body fluids
Is a normal tongue slightly moist?
Yes
What does it mean if a tongue is too wet?
Yang deficiency, dampness
What does it mean if a tongue is too dry?
Heat or yin deficiency
What does it mean if a tongue is sticky or slippery?
Dampness or phlegm
What are the four secondary channels?
Connecting (Luo Mai)
Muscle (Jing Jin)
Divergent (Jing Bie)
Cutaneous Regions
What are the three types of connecting channels?
Minute Connecting Channels
Superficial Connecting Channels
Blood or Deep Connecting Channels
If the connecting channels are greenish, what can we gather?
Qi Stagnation or Pain along the channel
If the connecting channels are reddish, what can we gather?
Heat in the channel
If the connecting channel is bluish, what can we gather?
Cold in the channel
If the connecting channel has a feeling of heat what can we gather?
Retention of heat in the channel
If the connecting channel has a feeling of cold what can we gather?
Retention of cold in the channel
If there is muscle atrophy or flaccidity along a channel what can we gather?
A deficient condition, often seen in Atrophy syndrome.
Muscle rigidity or hardness along the channel - what can we gather?
Excess condition due to retention of cold in the channel or too Qi Stasis.
What are the 10+2 Questions?
- Aversion to cold and fever
- Sweating
- Head and body Sx
- Chest and abdomen Sx
- Food and taste
- Stools and Urine
- Sleep
- Hearing and Tinnitus
- Thirst and Drink
- Pain
- —– - Gyno for women
- Child stuff for kids
Which two empty conditions may cause pain?
Qi and Blood Deficiency
Consumption of Body Fluids from yin deficiency
Which 5 Full conditions can cause pain?
- EPF
- Interior Cold or Interior Heat
- Qi Stagnation or Blood Stagnation
- Retention of Food
- Obstruction by Phlegm
What quality does pain have in an empty condition?
Dull and lingering
What quality does pain tend to have in a full condition?
Sharp
What quality does pain from cold tend to have?
Cramping
What quality does pain from heat tend to have?
Burning
What kind of onset does pain in an empty condition entail?
Slow, gradual
If pain is aggravated by vomiting is it an empty, full, heat, or cold type condition?
Empty or Cold
Is a hot condition better or worse with movement?
Worse
Is a full condition better with movement or rest?
Full conditions are better with movement
Is an empty condition better or worse with food?
Empty conditions are better with food.
What quality does the pain of Qi Stagnation have?
Distending or bloating
Wandering
Recurring
What quality does pain from blood stasis have?
Severe, boring, stabbing pain in a fixed location.
What would be the symptomatic difference between cough from Liver Fire vs cough from Lung Heat?
Liver fire:
cough arrives suddenly, no Hx /evidence of EPF but frequently Hx of emotional change or insufficient rest. Clear bouts of incessant or episodic coughing with choking quality which redden eyes and face. Pain extends to hypochondriac region.
Lung Heat:
Slower onset, Hx of exposure to EPF one to several days earlier. Pain is generally isolated to chest.
What type of pain does Liver Yang Rising cause?
Rebellious Qi Sx
Chronic headaches
Distending and Throbbing pain
What kind of pain does Cold cause?
Both full and empty cold cause a cramping, spastic pain that is usually alleviated by warmth and worsened with more cold.
What kind of pain does heat cause?
None unless accompanied by damp
What kind of pain does Damp-Heat cause?
Burning pain with feeling of heaviness or fullness in the Forehead, epigastrium, abdomen, hypochondrium, hypogastrium, Uterus, Bladder, or Joints.
What kind of pain is caused by retention of food?
Epigastric or abdominal pain that is intense with a feeling of fullness.
More Children than adults
When does phlegm cause pain?
When its in the joints, head, epigastrium or abdomen.
What kind of pain does EPF wind cause?
Occipital Headache
Stiffness
Wandering Pain
Pain that ebbs and flows
What types of conditions are relieved by eating?
Empty
What kinds of condition would be aggravated by eating?
Full
What does a lack of appetite indicate?
Spleen Qi Deficiency
Excessive Hunger
Dx?
Stomach Heat
Feeling of fullness
Dx?
Dampness or retention of food
Sharp pain
Dx?
Blood stasis
Feeling of heaviness
Dx?
Damp
Preference for hot food and drink?
Cold pattern
Preference for Cold food and drink?
Heat pattern
Constant bitter taste
Dx?
Full heat in liver
Bitter taste in morning, insomnia
Dx?
Full heat in heart
Sweet taste
Dx?
Spleen
H/A
Occipital, neck, upper back
Which of the 6 levels/ channel pairs is affected?
Great (Tai) Yang
SI/ UB
Headache
Forehead
Which of the 6 levels/ channel pairs is affected?
Yang Brightness (Yangming) LI/ St
Headache
One or both sides of head, temples, ears
Which of the 6 levels/ channel pairs is affected?
Lesser (Shao) Yang
GB/ SJ
Headache
Heavy or Distending sensation around upper part of head
Which of the 6 levels/ channel pairs is affected?
Greater (Tai) Yin
Lu/ Sp
Headache that affects the inside of the head even the teeth
Which of the 6 levels/ channel pairs is affected?
Lesser (Shao) Yin
Ht/ K
Headache that affects the vertex of the head
Which of the 6 levels/ channel pairs is affected?
Terminal (Jue) Yin
Liv/ Pc
What are the pulse points on the right wrist, distal to proximal?
Cun: Lu/ LI
Guan: Sp/ St
Qi: Pc/ SJ / LJ / K yang
What are the pulse points on the left wrist, distal to proximal?
Cun: H / SI
Guan: Liv/ GB
Qi: K/ Bl / K Yin
