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Switzerland > Switzerland > Flashcards

Switzerland Flashcards

1
Q

What winemaking technique, virtually absent in Germany and Austria, is often utilized in Swiss whites to combat high acidity?

A

Malolactic Fermentation

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2
Q

What are bisses?

A

Steep channels to funnel mountain water for irrigation, built in Switzerland since the middle ages (the climate is very dry - in some areas, expecting 1/3 the rainfall of Bordeaux).

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3
Q

What four French-speaking cantons of Switzerland produce wine?

A

Valais
Vaud
Genève
Neuchâtel

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4
Q

What are the top four producing cantons in Switzerland?

A

Valais
Vaud
Genève
Ticino

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5
Q

What is the specialty of Ticino?

A

Merlot

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6
Q

Where is Oeil-de-Perdrix found in Switzerland, and what is it?

A

Neuchâtel.
Sparkling rosé of Pinot Noir

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7
Q

What is the Swiss synonym for Sylvaner?

A

Johannisberg

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8
Q

The Valais is located along what river?

A

The Rhône (northernmost appellation!)

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9
Q

What is Fendant?

A

The local synonym for Chasselas in Valais

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10
Q

What is Dôle?

A

A blend of pinot noir and gamay (Min. 51% combined) in Valais

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11
Q

What are Vins de Glacier?

A

Maderized wine of Rèze grapes stored in high-altitude soleras, a speciality of the Valais (Vin Jaune-like)

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12
Q

What is Gwäss?

A

Gouais Blanc in Valais

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13
Q

What are two Valais synonyms for Savagnin?

A

Heida
Païen

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14
Q

What is the Valais synonym for Marsanne?

A

Ermitage

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15
Q

What is the Valais synonym for Pinot Gris?

A

Malvoisie

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16
Q

What does Flétri indicate?

A

Made from raisinated grapes

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17
Q

Where is Vin du Glacier aged?

A

The Val d’Annivers (above Sierre)

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18
Q

What is Charte Grain Noble ConfidenCiel?

A

A “Seal of Quality” for traditional sweet wines created in 1996

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19
Q

What are the requirements for Charte Grain Noble ConfidenCiel?

A

Min. 15 year old vines
Min. 130 Oechsle (no chaptalization)
Min. 1 year in wood

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20
Q

What varieties are authorized for Charte Grain Noble ConfidenCiel?

A 
Ermitage
Petite Arvine
Amigne
Johannisberg
Malvoisie (PG)
Paien
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21
Q

What are the grand crus of the Valais?

A

(west to east)
Fully
Conthey
Vétroz
Saint-Léonard
Salquenen/Salgesh

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22
Q

What are the authorized varieties for Conthey?

A

Fendant, Chardonnay
Pinot Noir, Gamay, Cornalin

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23
Q

What are the permitted varieties for Fully?

A

Ermitage, Petite Arvine
Gamay, Syrah

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24
Q

What are the permitted varieties for Saint-Léonard?

A

Fendant
Pinot Noir

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25
Q

What are the permitted varieties for Vétroz?

A

Chasselas, Amigne
Pinot Noir, Gamay

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26
Q

What does 1 bee indicate for Amigne de Vétroz?

A

Min. 8 g/l RS (dry)

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27
Q

What does 2 bees indicated for Amigne de Vétroz?

A

9-25 g/L RS (off-dry)

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28
Q

What do 3 bees indicate for Amigne de Vétroz?

A

25+ g/L RS (sweet)

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29
Q

Where is the Vaud?

A

The northern shore of Lake Geneva

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30
Q

What are the regional appellations of the Vaud?

A
  • La Côte, Lavaux, Chablais (northern shore of Lake Geneva and east)
  • Côtes de L’Orbe
  • Bonvillars
  • Vully
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31
Q

What are the Grand Crus of the Vaud, and what are their soils??

A

Calamin: clay
Dézelay: limestone

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32
Q

Where is Calamin?

A

Epesses (Lavaux)

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33
Q

Where is Dézelay?

A

Puidoux (Lavaux)

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34
Q

When did the Premier Grand Cru category come into being in the Vaud?

A

2012

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35
Q

How are the Premiers Grands Crus of the Vaud determined?

A

Wines must meet a range of criteria (varietal, vintage-dated, density, must weight, yield, hand harvesting, vine age), and qualified wines must be submitted annually to a tasting panel

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36
Q

What is Salvagnin?

A

The traditional red of the Vaud: pinot noir and gamay, plus gamaret, and/or garanoir

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37
Q

What is the Vaud synonym for Chasselas?

A

Dorin

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38
Q

Vaud AOC’s - %’s

A

Regional AOC: 90% of grapes from the AOC
Regional AOC with commune: 60% of grapes from said commune
Grand Cru AOC: 90% of grapes from the AOC; must be vintage dated
SGN, VT, VDN also authorized

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39
Q

Vaud Premier Grand Crus: what are they, since when, and what are the requirements?

A
  • Status awarded to individual wines by the Commission des Premiers Grands Crus; first vintage 2012.
  • Wines must be vintage dated, hand harvested, produced and bottled in the Vaud, and must be from the same “terroir.”
  • Based on Chasselas, Gamay, Pinot Noir, Merlot
    Also must meet minimum must weight (75-85 Ochsle), vine age (7 years), max yield (.64-.8L per square meter), max vineyard density (6,000 vines/ha).
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40
Q

What are the subregions of Genève?

A

Mandement
Entre Arve et Rhône
Entre Arve et Lac

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41
Q

Authorized grapes in Genève

A

Chasselas, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Gewürztraminer

Pinot Noir, Gamay, Gamaret, Garanoir, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc

42
Q

What are AO wines?

A

Part of the cantonal regulations in Genève. May be general (Gamay de Genève) or specific (Pinot Noir de Dardagny).

43
Q

Where and when is Chasselas produced in an unfiltered, slightly sparkling style? How is it referred to?

A
  • Neuchâtel, on the third Wednesday in January
  • called “Non Filtré”
44
Q

What is Perdrix Blanc?

A

Still Blanc de Pinot Noir (Neuchâtel)

45
Q

What does La Gerle indicate?

A

Quality wine of Chasselas that must pass an examination and tasting panel. Named for the hod that can carry 100L of pressed grapes during harvest. Specific to Neuchatel.

46
Q

Authorized grapes in Neuchâtel

A

Chasselas, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Müller-Thurgau, Gewürztraminer, Pinot Noir

47
Q

What are the subregions of Neuchâtel?

A

La Béroche
The Coast
Entre-deux-Lacs

48
Q

What are the two subregions of Ticino?

A

Sopraceneri
Sottoceneri

49
Q

What is Nostrano del Ticino?

A

“Local Wine,” usually Bondola based

50
Q

What is the VITI Quality Label?

A

Ticino A special label introduced in 1948, awarded to Merlot-based wines that pass a tasting panel for typiticy and quality of sight, smell, and taste.

51
Q

What Italian-speaking canton border Italy’s Lombardy region in the south? What grape is it known for?

A

a. Ticino
b. Merlot

52
Q

In what Grand Cru do we find the Amigne de Vétroz Sweetness Indicators? What are the RS levels? Is chapitalization allowed?

A

Vétroz AOC, Grand Cru of Valais
* One bee (Sèche/Trocken): 0-8 g/l residual sugar
* Two bees (Légèrement Douce/Halb Süss): 9-25 g/l of residual sugar
* Three bees (Douce/Süss): 25+ g/l of residual sugar
e. Chapitalization is not allowed

53
Q

What is Chasselas known as in the Mandement district of Geneva?

54
Q

What grape is Vins de Glacier produced with?

A

a. produced with the Reze grape
b. A rare maderized wine stored in high-altitude soleras

55
Q

Match the grape with its Swiss synonym:

A

a. Fendant - Chasselas
b. Johannisberg - Silvaner
c. Ermitage - Marianne
d. Heida, Paien - Savagnin
e. Malvoisie - Pinot Gris

56
Q

What are the varietal requirements for Valais’ Dôle?

A

a. Min. 51% combined Pinot Noir and Gamay, plus Garanoir, Gamaret, Ancellotta, Diolinoir, Carminoir, Merlot, Syrah
b. From 2004-2020 the requirement was 85%

57
Q

What are Neuchâtel’s “wine specialities”?

A

Oeil-de-Perdrix: Rosé of Pinot Noir. (Originated here but the Canton failed to protect the name.)
Non Filtré: 100% Chasselas. Released on the third Wednesday in January at an official tasting in the city’s town hall. Bottled without filtering the yeast.
Perdrix Blanc: Still Blanc de Pinot Noir.

58
Q

What is Vaud’s cepage for the traditional appellation of Salvagnin?

A

Blend: Min. 10% Pinot Noir, Min. 50% Gamay, Min. 20% Gamaret and/or Garanoir

59
Q

What (relatively) popular term for rosé originated from Switzerland?

A

Oeil-de-perdrix

60
Q

What pinot noir clone, popular in Oregon, originated from Switzerland?

A

Wädenswil

61
Q

Many taverns in Ticino grew up around caves where their goods could be kept cool and dry and thus acquired this term to refer to them:

62
Q

Name an indigenous Swiss red variety approved for AOC level wines:

A

Bondola, Diolinoir, Eyholzer Roter, Galotta, Gamaret, Garanoir, Humagne Rouge (Cornalin)

63
Q

If a Vaud regional wine mentions a village what percentage of grapes must come from that village? What percentage must come from a named Grand Cru AOC?

64
Q

The Grand Cru AOCs of Calamin & Dézaley are nested within what other AOC?

65
Q

What cheese is most commonly melted for Swiss fondue?

66
Q

If you see this on a bottle what grapes can it be made from?

A

Petite Arvine, Ermitage (Marsanne), Johannisberg (Sylvaner), Amigne, Paien, and/or Malvoisie (Pinot Gris)

67
Q

If you’re in Neuchâtel and someone poured you this from what grape would you expect this to be made?

A

Chasselas (non-filtré)

68
Q

The Val-de-Travers calls itself the birthplace of a certain herbal spirit. Name that spirit:

69
Q

Dézalay and Calamin are Grand Cru AOCs located within which canton?

70
Q

What is the name of the charter for producers in Valais focused on making late-harvest sweet wines?

A

Charte Grain Noble ConfidenCiel

71
Q

What is the name of the warm, dry wind that blows through Valais?

72
Q

What is Chasselas also known as in Valais? Vaud?

A

Fendant; Dorin

73
Q

What is the Swiss synonym for Sylvaner?

A

Johannisberg

74
Q

Chablais, La Côte, and Lavaux are regional AOCs located within the _____________ canton.

75
Q

What cheese is native to Valais and also has AOP status? What is its classic local wine pairing?

A

Raclette; Fendant (Chasselas)

76
Q

____________ is the Rhône River’s northernmost wine-growing appellation

77
Q

Which Swiss canton borders Italy’s Lombardy region? What is the primary grape of the region?

A

Ticino; Merlot

78
Q

What is Salvagnin, and which canton is it a specialty of?

A

Blend of Gamay, Pinot Noir, Gamaret, and Garanoir; Vaud

79
Q

What river runs through the Valais?

A

The second-longest river in France, the Rhône River originates in Switzerland, from the Rhône Glacier in the Swiss Alps (in the canton of Valais).

80
Q

What is the grape of Vin de Glacier?

A

Rèze has been planted in Valais for centuries; its first mention in writing is in 1313. The grape is known for its role as one of the varieties used in the mythical Vin du Glacier from the Val d’Anniviers.

81
Q

Name 2 synonyms for Savagnin in Switzerland:

A

Heida and Païen

82
Q

What are the 5 Cantons of Switzerland?

A

Geneva, Neuchâtel, Ticino, Valais, and Vaud

83
Q

Why are Swiss states called cantons?

A

from a word for “edge, corner”, at the time the literal translation of Early Modern High German ort.

84
Q

What are the “Three Lakes” of Neuchatel?

A

The vineyards of the Three Lakes region lie on the Lakes Biel, Murten and Neuchâtel and stretch out over the cantons of Neuchâtel, Bern, Fribourg, Vaud and Jura.

85
Q

Where is Oeil-de-Perdrix found in Switzerland, and what is it?

A

Neuchâtel.

Sparkling rosé of Pinot Noir

86
Q

What is the Swiss synonym for Sylvaner?

A

Johannisberg

87
Q

What is Gwäss?

A

Gouais Blanc in Valais

88
Q

What does Flétri indicate?

A

Made from raisinated grapes

89
Q

What are Vins de Glacier?

A

Maderized wine of Rèze grapes stored in high-altitude soleras, a speciality of the Valais (Vin Jaune-like)

90
Q

Where is Vin du Glacier aged?

A

The Val d’Annivers (above Sierre)

91
Q

What are the requirements for Charte Grain Noble ConfidenCiel?

A

Min 15 year old vines

Min 130 Oechsle (no chaptalization)

Min 1 year in wood

92
Q

What river feeds into Lake Constance in Northern Switzerland?

93
Q

What river feeds into Lake Geneva in Southern Switzerland?

94
Q

T/F Varietal Pinot Noir Grand Cru is authorized from Vetroz, Valais

A

F- Both Pinot Noir and Gamay are authorized for Vetroz Grand Cru to allow Dole, neither authorized for varietal labeled wines

95
Q

What and where: Charte Grain Noble ConfienCiel?

A

In the Valais, established in 1996 is a seal of quality for traditional sweet wines

96
Q

What is the minimum vine age for Vaud Premier Cru wines?

97
Q

T/F Premier Cru Vaud wines are based on individual wines, not a standing distinction.

98
Q

Which of the following is NOT authorized for Vaud AOC?

Vin Doux Naturel

Vendage Tardive

Selection de Grains Nobles

Vin Doux Liqueur

A

Vin Doux Naturel

Vendage Tardive

Selection de Grains Nobles

Vin Doux Liqueur $$$

99
Q

Vaud AOC minimum grape percentage for origin:

Regional AOC=
Regional AOC with Commune listed=

Grand Cru AOC=

A

Regional AOC= 90%

Regional AOC with Commune listed= 60% from commune

Grand Cru AOC= 90%

100
Q

Where is Dorin found, and what is the varietal?

A

Vaud, Chasselas

101
Q

What is the La Gerle d’Or?

A

In Neuchatel, it is awarded for the best wine submitted to the tasting panel (assuming annually), established in 1995. The wines must be 100% Chasselas only.

Switzerland (3 decks)

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