Switch Swatch

Question 1

What are VLANs?

Answer 1

A virtual LAN (VLAN) is a logical overlay network that groups together a subset of devices that share a physical LAN, isolating the traffic for each group.

Question 2

What are Switch Port Profiles?

Answer 2

Port profiles are used to apply many settings to a switch port at once, for quick batch setting changes. It is also the only way UniFi allows you to make custom VLAN changes to a port too.

Question 3

What is Native VLAN?

Answer 3

The Native VLAN is used for untagged traffic, i.e. not tagged with a VLAN ID.
Untagged traffic from devices connected to this port will be placed on the selected VLAN.

Question 4

What are tagged VLANs?
Tagged VLAN Management

Answer 4

Tagged ports can carry multiple VLANs and are used for traffic tagged with a VLAN ID.
With Allow All, configured VLANs are automatically tagged on this port. Tagged traffic matching a non-existent VLAN ID is dropped.
VLAN Management can be customized to only tag specific VLANs or block all.

Question 5

Operation?
Switching vs. Mirroring vs. Aggregation.

Answer 5

Aggregate: bonding 2 or more ports to form a faster and/or redundant trunk or connection path
Mirroring: mirrors a port so what ever data is being thrown out a port will also be sent out another
Switching: standard network switching

Question 6

Port Isolation

Answer 6

When enabled on a port, it prevents devices connected to that port from communicating with other devices on the same switch, except through an uplink port

Question 7

Storm Control

Answer 7

a feature that helps prevent network congestion and outages caused by broadcast, multicast, and unknown unicast traffic storms. When the traffic on a network exceeds a certain threshold, storm control kicks in and starts dropping excess packets to keep the network stable

Question 8

Loop Protection

Answer 8

a feature used to prevent network loops, which can cause broadcast storms and bring down the entire network. Network loops occur when there are multiple paths between switches, causing data packets to circulate endlessly.
To prevent this, protocols like Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) are used.

Question 9

STP (Spanning Tree Protocols)

Answer 9

STP creates a loop-free logical topology by blocking redundant paths and only allowing one active path between switches. Prevents network loops by automatically blocking certain network ports.

Question 10

Egress Rate Limit

Answer 10

Sets a port’s maximum rate of data transfer.

Question 11

LLDP-MED

Answer 11

Extension for LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) used alongside the Voice VLAN feature to discover the presence of a VoIP phone.
Disabling LLDP-MED will also disable the Voice VLAN.

Question 12

Voice VLAN

Answer 12

Uses LLDP-MED to place a VoIP phone on the specified VLAN. Devices connected to the phone are placed on the Native VLAN.

Question 13

Wi-Fi
Band Steering

Answer 13

Forces compatible clients to move to the 5GHz WiFi band to improve network performance.

Question 14

WiFi
Client Device Isolation

Answer 14

Prevents wireless clients on the same AP from communicating with each other. This may inhibit the functionality of AirPlay, Chromecast, Sonos devices, screen mirroring, and wireless printers.

Question 15

WiFi
Proxy ARP

Answer 15

Reduces airtime usage by allowing APs to “proxy” common broadcast frames as unicast. This can improve latency, but may cause connectivity issues in some networks.

Question 16

WiFi
BSS Transition

Answer 16

Improves client transitions between APs when they have a weak signal. Clients that do not support this feature may experience connectivity issues.

Question 17

WiFi
UAPSD

Answer 17

Ensures more efficient power consumption for WiFi, VoIP, and similar devices.

Question 18

WiFi
WiFi Speed Limit

Answer 18

Enable to use a created speed limit profile to limit the available bandwidth for clients in this network.

Question 19

WiFi
Multicast and Broadcast Control

Answer 19

Only allow specific devices to send broadcast traffic on a WiFi network. Things like printers, AirPlay, and Chromecast devices should be added to the list of exceptions.

Question 20

WiFi
Security Protocol

Answer 20

This is the authentication protocol used when clients connect to your WiFi SSID. We recommend WPA2 for IoT networks and WPA2/3 for all other networks.

Question 21

WiFi
PMF

Answer 21

Protected Management Frames enhance network privacy. This will cause connectivity issues for non-PMF-compatible clients.

Question 22

Where do you create VLANs?

Answer 22

VLAN networks are created under Settings > Networks.
You create one, give it a VLAN ID, and assign it a router (generally the 3rd party gateway option)

Question 23

Where do you make Profile?

Answer 23

Go to Settings > Profiles