Swine Flashcards
Hampshire
- Black with a white belt
* Good muscling & carcass leanness
Yorkshire
- Originated in Yorkshire, England
- Used in cross breeding programs
- Rapid growth
- White
- Erect Ears
- High feed efficiency
Berkshire
- Heavy milkers
- Great meat flavor and texture
- Black with 6 white points
- Erect ears
Chester White
- Originated in Chester Co. Pennsylvania
- Good mothers
- Large litters
- Durable & sound
Hereford
- Prolific
- Good mothers
- Looks like a cattle breed
- Cross between a Duroc & Poland China
Landrace
- White
- Droopy ears
- Long bodies
- Great milking ability
- Good mothers
Pietrain
- White with black spots
- High lean to fat ratio
- Used to produce genetic improvements in cross breeding programs
Poland China
- Low back fat
- Large loin areas
- Developed in Ohio
- Used in many cross breeding programs
A new born pig is called a ______
Piglet
A _____ is a mature female pig who can reproduce
Sow
A _____ is a castrated male pig
Barrow
A pig that is able to produce many young is said to be _______
Prolific
A young female pig is known as a _______
Gilt
A _____ is a mature, intact, male pig
Boar
T/F: Compared to beef animals, pigs have a lower dressing percentage
False
Higher
T/F: It takes approximately 155 days to feed a pig to market weight
True
Illinois is the 4th largest state in pig production
True
Illinois cash receipts for hogs rank 5th in the state
False
3rd
Today’s pig production relies on traditional farrow to finish operations
True
The gestation cycle for a sow is 114 days (3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days)
True
Sows can farrow only once a year
False
2-3
The optimum temperature range for a finishing environment is 70 degrees to 80 degrees
False
64-70
Piglets are typically weaned at 3-5 weeks of age
True
Replacement gilts should not be bred until they have gone through at least 4 estrus cycles
False
2-3
A hog farm manager should inspect the hogs at least once a day to make sure they are happy and healthy
True
The system that moves pigs in and out of production areas in groups and at the same time is called a farrow to finish operation
False
All in all out
Sows are ready to be bred whenever they are in standing heat
True
Sanitation and ventilation play an important role in managing healthy environments and stopping the spread of diseases
True
Three advantages of swine production
Short gestation period
Farrow twice a year
7-12/15-18 pigs per litter
Five top swine producing states
Iowa
North Carolina
Minnesota
Illinois
Nebraska
Top 5 swine producing countries
China
European Union
United States
Brazil
Canada
5 necessary management practices that are performed on a newborn piglet
- Iodine to the naval
- Needle teeth clipped
- Castration
- Identification
- Iron shot
List & describe 3 types of breeding sows
1) Pen- Turning a boar lose into a pen with sows
2) AI- Using stored semen
3) Hand- Using fresh semen from the boar & inserting it by hand
3 factors that affect profitability on a finishing operation
Feed Cost
Maintaining proper environments
Cleaning/sanitation cost
Duroc
- Droopy ears
- Hardy
- Good growth weight
- Light to dark red
