Swine 2

Question 1

How do we close uterine wound in sow?

a. Using interrupted sutures
b. The first step is to apply continuous suture through all layers
c. Using running suture with absorbable material
d. Usually in two layers, using seromuscular sutures

Answer 1

d. Usually in two layers, using seromuscular sutures

Question 2

How do we remove piglets from the uterus in sow?

a. I always fix the head of the piglet and take it out through the uterine wound
b. With one hand I fix the head, or the hindlegs, while with the other hand I apply a
massage to the outside of the uterus
c. I inject oxytocin and wait until the piglets appear in the wound after each other, then
I gently take them out
d. I open the uterus above every piglet then close the wound immediately after
removing each piglet

Answer 2

b. With one hand I fix the head, or the hindlegs, while with the other hand I apply a
massage to the outside of the uterus

Question 3

Where do I open the abdominal wall in the swine for c-section?

a. Exclusively on the left paralumbar area
b. Only ventral midline
c. Even on the right side, along the direction of the internal oblique muscle
d. Near the vulva in a dorsolateral direction

Answer 3

c. Even on the right side, along the direction of the internal oblique muscle

Question 4

Which statement is correct?

a. C-section is the only obstetrical aid in sows
b. This should always be applied in double sided hip flexion
c. I always have to choose this if parturition stopped because a piglet had obturated
the birth canal, and I can not remove it per vaginal
d. If I cannot perform an episiotomy

Answer 4

c. I always have to choose this if parturition stopped because a piglet had obturated
the birth canal, and I can not remove it per vaginal

Question 5

When do I not necessarily need to perform a c-section in a sow?

a. During uterine torsion
b. Usually it can be applied in presentation failures, but it’s not often indicated since
often these can be solved in another ways as well
c. If fetuses have died
d. If piglets do not born after the administration of oxytocin

Answer 5

b. usuaally it can be applied in presentation failures, but it’s not often indicated since often these can be solved in other ways as well

Question 6

The following instruments can be used during c-section in the sow

a. Ostertag’s eye hooks
b. Obstetrical chains
c. Needle holder
d. Kuhne’s crutch

Answer 6

c. Needle holder

Question 7

Which statement is correct for swine?

Answer 7

Only free parts of the fetal membranes have to be removed

Question 8

Choose the only false statement concerning to the c-section in the sow:

Answer 8

Vaginal prolapse is a rare indication

Question 9

Choose the only correct statement concerning to the c-section in the sow:

Answer 9

We do it either in deep sedation combined with local anaesthesia or in general anaesthesia

Question 10

Choose the only false statement concerning to the complications of the c-section in the
sow:

Answer 10

Obstipation never occurs

Question 11

Select the false statement for c-section in the sow

Answer 11

We open the uterus close to the ovary

Question 12

What is the relation between the heat and ovulation in the swine?

a. - Duration of the heat is 24-36 h, ovulation at the beginning of estrus
b. - Duration of the heat is 3 days, ovulation between 46-54 h
c. - Duration of the heat is 24 h, ovulation 12 h after the end of clinical oestrus
d. - Duration of the heat is 5-7 days, ovulation 24 h before the end of clinical oestrus
e. - Duration of the heat is 9 days, ovulation between day 2-4

Answer 12

b. - Duration of the heat is 3 days, ovulation between 46-54 h

Question 13

Oestrus cycle of the gilts can be synchronized by:

a. - Single luteolytic dose of prostaglandin F2a (or analogue)
b. - Two luteolytic injections of prostaglandin F2a (or analogue) 11 days apart
c. - Long term use of progesterone releasing intravaginal device (PRID) or subcutaneous
implant
d. - Feeding synthetic progestagen (e.g. Regumate) for 10-15 days
e. - GnRH – PGF2a – GnRH treatment (Ovsynch method)

Answer 13

d. - Feeding synthetic progestagen (e.g. Regumate) for 10-15 days

Question 14

For maintaining the porcine pregnancy luteal progesterone is required:

a. - During the first 35-40 days, thereafter the foetoplacental unit is enough
b. - Throughout the entire pregnancy, because the swine is CL dependent species
c. - For approx. 100 days, later stage of the pregnancy is maintained even after
ovariectomy
d. - Second half of the pregnancy can be maintained by corticosteroid hormones alone
e. - The porcine pregnancy is maintained by oestrogen hormones

Answer 14

b. Throughout the entire pregnancy, because the swine is CL dependent species

Question 15

What is typical for c-section in swine?

a. - It is performed in standing position
b. - The pregnant uterine horn has to be opened near the tip of the horn
c. - The uterus should preferably be opened intra abdominally
d. - Usually it is performed in anaesthetized animals

Answer 15

d. - Usually it is performed in anaesthetized animals

Question 16

What do we do with the placentas during c-section in the sow before closing the uterine wound?

a. - We remove all of them
b. - We cut those parts that hang out of the wound and leave the rest in the uterus
and we put uterine pills containing antibiotics into the lumen
c. - We detach the easily detachable cotyledons from the caruncles
d. - We remove them and flush the uterus with saline solution

Answer 16

b. - We cut those parts that hang out of the wound and leave the rest in the uterus
and we put uterine pills containing antibiotics into the lumen

Question 17

In the sow, the maternal recognition of pregnancy is based on the production of:

a. Progesterone
b. Pregnancy specific hormone B
c. Estradiol
d. Pregnancy associated glycoprotein

Answer 17

c. Estradiol

Question 18

Relation between heat and ovulation in Swine?

Answer 18

Heat is 3 days and ovulation is 46-54 hours