Swellings Flashcards
What is Lipoma
Benign neoplasm of MATURE and YELLOW fat
What is the tumor of brown fat and immature yellow fat?
Hibernoma and lipoblastoma
What is the sites a lipoma is found?
Superficial - back, neck, arms and abdomen
Deep - lower limbs, trunk and shoulder
What is multiple lipomatosis
Seen in young age in the girdles
What is Dercum’s disease?
Adiposa Dolorosa
Multiple lipomatosis
Females(30:1)
Tender fat deposition in trunk and girdles
Seen in epileptics and psychiatric patients
The features of lipoma
Soft, lobulated surface
Pseudofluctuant
Non transilluminant
Slip sign positive
Skin pinching present
Non tender
What are the differential diagnosis of lipoma
Neurofibroma - horizontal motility to the king axis of the nerve is seen. Along the line is not seen. He swellings are firm
Cysts
Liposarcoma
What are the complications of lipoma
Myxomatous change in Retroperitoneal lipoma
Saponification and calcification
Submucosal lipoma causes intussusception leading to intestinal obstruction
Painful lipoma - neurolipoma
Angiolipoma
Joint lipoma - lipoma arborescens—> synovectomy is done
Features of liposarcoma
Retroperitoneal
Rapid growth
Warm and tender due to vascularisation
Dilated veins
Infiltration deeper
Skin fixation and fungation
Spread to lungs(haematogenois)
What are the false cysts
No lining epithelium.
Fluid is either exudate or degenerative
What is a cyst
Collection of fluid in endo/epithelium lined sacs
Examples of false cysts
Pseudocyst of pancreas
TB peritonitis
Hematoma
Apoplectic cyst in ischaemic stroke of brain
Features of cysts
Hemispherical
Smooth surface
Fluctuant
Non tender
Some are transilluminant
What are the effects of cysts
Pressure symptoms :- choledochal cyst on CBD
infection
Hemorrhage
Torsion
Calcification
Cachexia
Swellings which are brilliantly transilluminant
Ranula
Hydrocoele
Cystic hygroma
Meningocoele
Epididymal cyst (Chinese lantern pattern)
