Sweep 1.4

Question 1

For two patients with comparable levels of remaining attachment and alveolar bone, the prognosis is generally better in the older because

Answer 1

shorter time frame in which the destruction has occurred
younger patient suffers from aggressive disease
due to systemic disease or smoking?
The younger patient would be expected to have a greater reparative capacity
Observed destruction indicates that inflammation overcomes repair for this patient, therefore expect poorer outcomes of therapy

Question 2

level of clinical attachment

Answer 2

(approximate extent of root surface that is devoid of periodontal ligament)

Question 3

radiographic examination

Answer 3

shows the amount of root surface still invested in bone.

Question 4

Pocket depth is less important than level of attachment because it is not

Answer 4

necessarily related to bone loss.

Question 5

In general, a tooth with deep pockets and little attachment and bone loss has a better prognosis than

Answer 5

one with shallow pockets and severe attachment and bone loss.

Question 6

Type of defect

The prognosis for horizontal bone loss depends on the

Answer 6

height of the existing bone.

Question 7

Type of defect

In the case of angular defects-

Answer 7

number of remaining walls.

Question 8

When greater bone loss has occurred on one surface of a tooth, the bone height on the

Answer 8

less involved surfaces should be taken into consideration when determining the prognosis.

Question 9

The center of rotation of the tooth will be nearer the crown. This results in a more

Answer 9

favorable distribution of forces to the periodontium and less tooth mobility.

Question 10

In smokers prognosis of slight-to-moderate periodontitis is generally

Answer 10

fair to poor. In patients with severe periodontitis, the prognosis may be poor to hopeless.

Question 11

Patients with slight to moderate periodontitis who stop smoking can upgraded to a

Answer 11

good prognosis, whereas those with severe periodontitis who stop smoking may be upgraded to a fair prognosis.

Question 12

Well-controlled diabetics with slight-to-moderate periodontitis who comply with their recommended periodontal treatment should have

Answer 12

a good prognosis.

Question 13

Plaque retentive factors decrease

Answer 13

prognosis

• Greater gingival inflammation
• More marginal bone loss
• Poorer compliance with home care

Question 14

Prognosis is poor for teeth with

Answer 14

short tapered roots and large crowns.
Disproportionate crown-to-root ratio
Reduced root surface available for periodontal support
Periodontium may be more susceptible to injury by occlusal forces.

Question 15

Cervical enamel projections (CEPs), enamel pearls, bifurcation ridges (seen in 73% of mandibular molars)
Interfere with

Answer 15

scaling and root planing
Prevent regeneration of cementum and PDL
Root concavities

Question 16

Root concavities appear more marked on

Answer 16

maxillary first premolars, the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar.
These concavities increase the attachment area and produce a root shape that may be more resistant to torquing forces.

Question 17

In drug-influenced gingival enlargement, plaque control

Answer 17

alone does not prevent development of the lesions, and surgical intervention is usually necessary to correct the alterations in gingival contour.

Question 18

(slight-to-moderate periodontitis), the prognosis is

Answer 18

generally good provided the inflammation can be controlled.

Question 19

The tissue destruction in these cases is not reversible and poor control of the secondary factors may make these patients susceptible to recurrence of the disease. With repeated episodes of NUG, the prognosis may be downgraded to

Answer 19

fair.

Question 20

Herpes simplex 1 usually causes

Answer 20

oral manifestations.

Question 21

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis-

Possible mechanism(s):

Answer 21

TGF-beta1 favor the accumulation of ECM.
May be located on chromosome 2 in human.
[ Defect in the Son of Sevenless-1 gene on chromosome 2p21-p22]

Question 22

Type I reactions (immediate Type),mediated by I

Answer 22

IgE,

or

Question 23

Type IV reactions (delayed type) mediated by

Answer 23

T-cells.

[12-48 hrs following contact with allergen]