Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBOD Block 2 Review > Sweatman: Drugs at the Synapse > Flashcards

Sweatman: Drugs at the Synapse Flashcards

1
Q

What type of nerve in the ANS has a long pre-ganglionic neuron and a short postglanic neuron?

A

Parasympathetic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the relative length of the preganglionic of the sympathetic vs. parasympathetic?

A

Sympathetic is shorter, postganglionic is long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of receptor is located in ganglionic neurons and what is the neurotransmitter?

A
  • Nicotinic receptor

- ACh neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the postganglionic receptor and neurotransmitter in the parasympathetic division?

A
  • Muscarinic receptor

- ACh neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Suppose a person experiences excessive sweating, What kind of neurtransmitter would you be trying to block?

A

ACh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What a major issue with giving drugs that act upon the autonomic nervous system?

A

The receptors are located all over the body, so its hard to affect only a target tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a difficulty of autonomic drugs, besides difficulties getting autonomic drugs to receptors only in the target tissues.

A

They often cause an excessive response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the advantage of putting a neurotransmitter in a vesicle?

A

Increase the concentration of the neurotransmitter, increasing your chances of action potential on other side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If you give someone a strong inhibitor of Ach-esterase what is the result?

A

excessive stimulation of preganglionics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of neurotransmitter and receptor are specific sympathetic nervous system?

A
  1. alpha (1,2) and beta (1,2,3) receptors
    Norephinephrine and Epinephrine neurotransmitters
  2. Dopaminergic (D1 and D2)
    Dopamine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Elevated levels of metanephrine and normetanephrine and VMA is indicative of what?

A

Pheochromocytoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the purpose of co-transmitters?

A

They modify the effects of the primary neurotransmitter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the problem when taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors?

A
  • Tyramine is found in food stuffs
  • You can’t breakdown the tyramine
  • tyramine pushes NE out of the vesicle
  • Articficial sympathetic response results (Elevated heart rate etc.)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is comT?

A

works similarly to monoamine oxidase in that it breaks down catecholamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens to specificity once you increase the dose past the clinical window?

A

A drug that is usually specific for one receptor starts to act on other receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the point of autoreceptors?

A

cuts off stimulation or increases stimulation by recognizing the primary neurotransmitter

17
Q

What is the point of heteroreceptors?

A

Receptors modulated by a secondary neurotransmitter

This is huge in allowing complementarity between sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation

18
Q

Lidocaine

A

Na+ channel blocker in neuronal axon

19
Q

Hemicholinium

A

Blocks choline uptake; depletes Ach availability

20
Q

Metyrosine

A

inhibitor of dopamine synthesis; depletes NE

21
Q

Vesamicol

A

inhibits vesicle associated transporter, VAT

22
Q

reserpine

A

Inhibits vesicular monoamine transporter VMAT

23
Q

botulinum toxin

A

Degrades VAMPs and SNAPs - no vesicle fusion

24
Q

Tyramine

A

Releases stored transmitters from NE neurons

25
Q

cocaine

A

blocks reuptake of NE into pre-synaptic terminal

26
Q

norepinephrine

A

Sympathetic Transmitter:
alpha 1, 2
Beta 1

27
Q

Phentolamine

A

non-selective alpha adrenergic receptor anatagonist

28
Q

isoproterenol

A

beta 1 and beta 2 receptor agonist

29
Q

Propanolol

A

non-specific beta receptor blocker

30
Q

nicotine

A

ganglionic agonist

31
Q

bethanechol

A

muscarinic receptor agonist

32
Q

atropine

A

muscarinic antagonist

33
Q

neostigmine

A

inhibitor of AchE activity

34
Q

tranylcypromine

A

Reversible MAO inhibitor

35
Q

How are post-synaptic nerves regulated?

A
  1. breakdown of neurotransmitter
  2. receptor antagonists
  3. Receptor level; up-regulatino or down-regulation
  4. opposing neuro-transmitter systems controlling membrane polarity
36
Q

What is the fundemental difference between inactivation of Ach vs. NE?

A

Ach is broken down by AchE enzyme but NE is taken up 90% back into presynaptic terminal by NET

MBOD Block 2 Review (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions