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Swedish BIO 02 > Swe BIO02 - Digestive System > Flashcards

Swe BIO02 - Digestive System Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ingestion

A

The voluntary act of (chewing and) swallowing food

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2
Q

Propulsion

A

The automatic movement of food
-perastalsis or segmentation

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3
Q

Perastalsis

A

Circular muscles contracting and relaxing to move the food forward
- esophagus
- small intestine
- large intestine

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4
Q

Segmentation

A

Muscle walls move back and forth
- small intestine
- stomach

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5
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

Chewing

Segmentation

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6
Q

Chemical digestion

A

Acids

Enzymes

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7
Q

Absorption

A

Digested nutrients entering the blood or lymph through passive or active transport.
Goes through the mucosa

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8
Q

Defecation

A

Feces exiting through the anus

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9
Q

Stomach mucosa

A

Inner lining of the stomach.

Coated in bicarbonate (basic) to counteract the acidic stomach fluid

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10
Q

pH of the stomach acid

A

2

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11
Q

Gastric juice

A

Produced by the gastric gland

Synonymous with stomach acid

Stomach

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12
Q

Gastric gland

A

Produces gastric juice

Found in gastric pits - all over the mucosa

Stomach

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13
Q

Intrinsic factor

A

Digests vitamin B12

Stomach

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14
Q

Chief cells

A

Produces pepsinogen

Stomach

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15
Q

Pepsinogen

A

Gats activated in an acidic environment

Precursor to pepsin

Stomach

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16
Q

Pepsin

A

Breaks down, and kills, protein

Stomach

17
Q

Parietal cells

A

Produces hydrochloric acid

Stomach

18
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

Activates enzymes

Stomach

19
Q

Enteroendocrine cells

A

Produces gastrin and other essential hormones for digestion

Stomach

20
Q

Chyme

A

The digested good that exits the stomach

21
Q

Amylase

A

Digests starch

Produced in saliva glands, Activ throughout the whole GI track

22
Q

Pancreas

A

Produces enzymes, hormones and basic components to neutralize the gastric juice

23
Q

Small intestine cross section
In to out

A

Lumen
Submucosa
Internal muscle
External muscle
Serosa

24
Q

Lumen

A

Open space in the body

Tubes

25
Q

Start of small intestine

A

Duodenum

26
Q

Liver

A

Creates bile

27
Q

Gallbladder

A

Stores bile

28
Q

Submucosa

A

Houses blood and lymph vessels

29
Q

Mucosa

A

Folds, villi, microvilli

Crypts

30
Q

Villi

A

Cells

31
Q

Microvilli

A

Cellwalls

32
Q

Sugar absorption

A

Active transport transport gate

Diffusion into blood because of gradient

Swedish BIO 02 (2 decks)

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