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Swallowing Muscles > Swallowing Muscles > Flashcards

Swallowing Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Masseter

A

closes the jaw by elevating and drawing forwards the angle of the mandible (V)

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2
Q

Temporalis

A

raises the mandible; posterior fibers retract the mandible slightly, assisted by the anterior suprahyoid muscles (V)

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3
Q

Medial Pterygoid

A

works with masseter and temporalis to raise and protrude the mandible (V)

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4
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

A

protrudes and depresses the mandible (V)

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5
Q

Superior longitudinal

A

shortens the tongue, turns tongue tip and lateral margins upward (XII)

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6
Q

Inferior longitudinal

A

shortens tongue, pulls tip downwards (XII)

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7
Q

verticalis

A

flattens and widens tongue (XII)

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8
Q

transverse

A

narrows and elongates tongue (XII)

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9
Q

genioglossus

A

protrudes tongue, elevates tip (creates channel for bolus), helps to elevate hyoid bone (and larynx) (XII)

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10
Q

styloglossus

A

draws tongue up and back (XII)

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11
Q

hyoglossus

A

retracts and depresses tongue, elevates hyoid (XII)

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12
Q

palatoglossus

A

can assist styloglossus in raising back of tongue, also aids styloglossus and inferior longitudinal in bulging back of tongue (X, XI)

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13
Q

levator veli palatini

A

primary elevator of the soft palate, pulls soft palate posteriorly to seal the pharyngeal cavity (X, XI)

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14
Q

tensor veli palatini

A

spreads and tenses soft palate to close off nasal cavity, pulls on wall of Eustachian tube and opens it up to equalize pressure (V)

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15
Q

lip closure (muscle and CN)–efferent/motor

A

orbicularis oris, CN VII

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16
Q

contain bolus (muscles and CN)–efferent/motor

A

orbicularis oris, buccinator, CN VII

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17
Q

mandible movement (muscles and CN)–efferent/motor

A

temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoid, medial pterygoid– CN V (mandibular branch)

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18
Q

move bolus (muscles and CN)–efferent/motor

A

superior longitudinal, inferior longitudinal, verticalis, transverse, genioglossus, styloglossus, hyoglossus– CN XII hypoglossal

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19
Q

anterior velar movement (muscles and CN)–efferent/motor

A

palatoglossus–CN X, XI (vagus, pharyngeal plexus)

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20
Q

velar elevation (muscles and CN)–efferent/motor

A

levator veli palatini (CN X, XI), tensor veli palatini (CN V)

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21
Q

propel bolus into pharynx (muscles and CN)–efferent/motor

A

levator veli palatini (CN X), hyoglossus and styloglossus (CN XII–hypoglossal)

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22
Q

lips–afferent/sensory CN

A

trigeminal (V)

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23
Q

anterior 2/3 of tongue, taste–afferent/sensory CN

A

facial (VII)

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24
Q

anterior 2/3 tongue, sensation–afferent/sensory CN

A

trigeminal (V)

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25
Q

posterior 1/3 tongue–afferent/sensory CN

A

glossopharyngeal (IX)

26
Q

valleculae–afferent/sensory CN

A

vagus (X)

27
Q

palate–afferent/sensory CN

A

trigeminal (V, maxillary branch), vagus (X)

28
Q

chin–afferent/sensory CN

A

trigeminal (V)

29
Q

cheeks–afferent/sensory CN

A

trigeminal (V)

30
Q

palatopharyngeus

A

raises the pharynx and depresses soft palate (CN X)–shortens and elevates pharynx

31
Q

stylopharyngeus

A

elevates pharynx and larynx, widens pharynx to permit passage of large bolus (CN IX)–shortens and elevates pharynx

32
Q

salpingopharyngeus

A

raises pharynx and larynx, laterally draws the pharyngeal walls up (CN X)–shortens and elevates pharynx

33
Q

anterior belly of the digastric

A

draws hyoid up and forward, depresses mandible to open mouth (CN V)–“suprahyoids”

34
Q

posterior belly of the digastric

A

draws hyoid up and forward, depresses mandible to open mouth (CN VII)–“suprahyoids”

35
Q

mylohyoid

A

draws hyoid up and forward WITH floor of mouth and tongue, depresses mandible (CN V)–“suprahyoids”

36
Q

stylohyoid

A

elevates hyoid (CN VII)–“suprahyoids”

37
Q

geniohyoid

A

draws hyoid up and forward (brings tongue and larynx up), depresses mandible (CN XII)–“suprahyoids”

38
Q

superior pharyngeal constrictor

A

narrows the upper wall of the pharynx (CN X)–clears the bolus through the pharynx

39
Q

medial pharyngeal constrictor

A

contracts the pharynx during swallowing (CN X)–clears the bolus through the pharynx

40
Q

inferior pharyngeal constrictor

A

constricts the lower part of the pharynx (CN X)–clears the bolus through the pharynx

41
Q

aryepiglottis

A

pulls back the epiglottis–seals laryngeal vestibule

42
Q

thyroepiglottis

A

depresses the epiglottis to seal off the passage for swallowing–seals laryngeal vestibule

43
Q

thyrohyoid

A

elevates larynx and depresses hyoid bone–seals larygneal vestibule

44
Q

suprahyoid muscles

A

elevates larynx and moves it anteriorly (digastric bellies, mylohyoid, stylohyoid, geniohyoid)

45
Q

lateral cricoarytenoid

A

rotates arytenoids inwards and downwards to approximate/adduct the vocal folds (CN X)–closes larynx

46
Q

interarytenoids: transverse arytenoid

A

horizontal fibers, draws arytenoid together by pulling them up on the shoulders of the cricoid cartilage and elevates them slightly–closes larynx

47
Q

interarytenoids: oblique arytenoid

A

adducts the vocal folds by bringing the apexes of the arytenoid cartilages together–closes larynx

48
Q

cricopharyngeus

A

part of UES, normally contracted, opens at initiation of swallow to prepare to let bolus through, part of pharyngeal peristaltic wave

49
Q

close larynx– efferent/motor (pharyngeal)

A

lateral cricoarytenoids, interarytenoids (CN X)

50
Q

raise hyoid and larynx– efferent/motor (pharyngeal)

A

mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric (CN V), stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric (CN VII)

51
Q

raise thyroid–efferent/motor (pharyngeal) (laryngeal elevation)

A

geniohyoid moves the thyrohyoid (CN XII)

52
Q

seal pharyngeal inlet– efferent/motor (pharyngeal)

A

thyrohyoid closes epiglottic fold, anterior and superior movement of larynx, elevation of hyoid by suprahyoids (CN V)

53
Q

elevate and shorten pharynx– efferent/motor (pharyngeal)

A

palatopharyngeus (IX, X), stylopharyngeus (IX), salpingopharyngeus (X)

54
Q

cricopharyngeal opening– efferent/motor (pharyngeal)

A

cricophayngeal muscle relaxes, then it is pulled open and pressure moves bolus through (V, X, XII)

55
Q

clear bolus through pharynx– efferent/motor (pharyngeal)

A

superior constrictor, middle constrictor, inferior constrictor (IX, X–pharyngeal plexus)

56
Q

move material through esophagus

A

striated and smooth esophageal muscle (CN X)

57
Q

laryngopharynx innervation–afferent/sensory (pharyngeal)

A

IX glossopharyngeal, X vagus (pharyngeal plexus), XI spinal accessory

58
Q

larynx above true vocal folds–afferent/sensory (pharyngeal)

A

X–interior branch of superior laryngeal

59
Q

larynx below true vocal folds–afferent/sensory (pharyngeal)

A

X–RLN

60
Q

Damage to sensory vagus (X) causes…

A

…reduced sensation to laryngopharynx (don’t sense aspiration= silent aspiration)

Swallowing Muscles (1 decks)

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