swallowing Flashcards
dysphagia
a. Swallowing is moving the food from the mouth to the stomach.
b. Swallowing disorders occur in all age groups
Suprahyoid muscles
laryngeal elevators
Digastricus (Suprahyoid muscles)
means 2 bellies, anterior and posterior
Mylohyoid (Suprahyoid muscles)
muscle forms the floor of the mouth
Stylohyoid (Suprahyoid muscles)
a long and slender muscle that is lateral
and superficial to the digastricus posterior belly
Geniohyoid (Suprahyoid muscles)
it is located superiorly to the mylohyoid
larynx structures
1.Bottom to top that protect the airway
a.True vocal folds
b.False vocal folds
c.Aryepiglottic folds
Epiglotti
larynx spaces and places
- Valleculae
- Pyriform sinuses
- Aditus laryngeus, aditus, or vestibule
- Anterior commissure
- Posterior commissure
a. Pharyngeal constrictors
i. Superior
ii. Middle
iii. Inferior
a. Esophagus
i. UES
- Cricopharyngeus
ii. Peristaltic motion
iii. LES
Infrahyoids muscles are
laryngeal depressors
type of Infrahyoids muscles
- Sternohyoid
- Omohyoid
- Thyrohoid
- Sternothyroid
- Risk for dysphagia
a. Lack of muscle function
b. Lack of sensation
c. Lack of cough/clear reflex
- Dysphagia terms:
a. Aspiration
b. Penetration
c. Residue
d. Backflow
- Screening or beside clinical assessment
Typically identifies that the patient is aspirating, but not why.
Signs and symptoms of aspiration
i. Coughing after swallowing
ii. History of pneumonia
iii. Diagnoses that put the patient at greater risk
iv. Food squirting out the tracheostomy
v. Checklist of Items for Dysphagia Screening
Videoflouroscopic procedure (Physiological evaluation)
modified barium swallow
Lateral and AP view (anterior-posterior) 2 purposes (physiological evaluation)
- To determine the abnormalities in anatomy and physiology causing the patient’s symptoms
- To identify and evaluate treatment strategies
a. At least 3 consistencies of material used in the evaluation
(physiological eval)
i. Thin liquid
ii. Thick liquid or sort of a pudding
iii. Barium on a cracker
Treatment strategies – swallowing maneuvers
a. Head positioning
b. Laryngeal manipulation
c. Food alterations
d. Multiple swallows
e. Swallow-cough
f. Food then a sip of liquid to clear, etc.
g. You look at these during physiological eval
h. Practicalities
i. Report that details findings
Multi-disciplinary team:
a. SLP working as the swallowing therapist
b. Physician
c. Nursing staff, dietitian, occupational therapist, physical therapist, pharmacist, and radiologist
