SW12: EU Enlargement Policy

Question 1

Members European Coal and Steel Community in 1951

Answer 1

1. Belgium
2. Germany
3. France
4. Italy
5. Luxembourg
6. Netherlands

Question 2

First EU Enlargement: When and Who?

Answer 2

When: 1973

Who: Denmark, Ireland and the UK

Denmark with 63.3% Majority,
UK after being vetoed twice by Charles de Gaulle

Question 3

The Two non-overlapping circles:

What are they called and who are the members?

Answer 3

Circle 1: EEC

• Germany
• Netherlands
• Belgium
• Italy
• Luxembourg

Circle 2: EFTA

• UK
• Portugal
• Switzerland
• Norway
• Sweden
• Austria
• Denmark

Question 4

Second EU enlargement: When and Who?

Answer 4

When: 1981

Who: Greece

Question 5

Why did Greece only join in 1981?

Answer 5

It was a military regime until 1974

Question 6

Reasons for Greece’s membership to the EC

Answer 6

1. Consolidation of a young democracy
2. Boost European integration in the Southeast
3. Cultural and Idealogical reasons
4. Avoid frictions with Turkey

Question 7

Third EU enlargement: When and Who?

Answer 7

When: 1986

Who: Spain and Portugal

Question 8

The Copenhagen Criteria

Answer 8

Established in 1993 in, surprise (!), Copenhagen

1. Stable institutions guaranteeing: Democracy, rule of law, human rights, respect and protection of minorities
2. Functioning market economy
3. Implement obligations of membership (adhere to aims of political and monetary union)

Question 9

Additional criteria for Western Balkans to join:

Answer 9

• Stabilisation and Associations process

- Regional cooperation and good neighbourly relations

Question 10

Policy Fields (Chapters): How many and what do they state?

Answer 10

35 Chapters (not negotiable)

• Transport
• Energy
• Environment etc.

Question 11

Fourth EU enlargement: When and Who?

Answer 11

This was the largest EU enlargement
When: 2004
Who: 
- Czech Republic
- Estonia
- Latvia
- Lithuania
- Hungary
- Poland
- Slovenia
- Slovakia
- Cyprus
- Malta

Question 12

2004 enlargement as a reason for Brexit

Answer 12

• Ireland, UK and Sweden opened their labour markets immediately
• remaining 12 restricted access through transitional agreements

Question 13

Progress with Chapters and Turkey

Answer 13

1 provisionally closed
16 opened
18 have not been opened so far