SVT Flashcards

1
Q

cellule somatique

A

cellule non sexuelle

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2
Q

cellule germinale

A

cellule sexuelle

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3
Q

clone

A

ensemble de cellules génétiquement identiques issues d’une succession de mitoses d’une même cellule initiale

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4
Q

mitose

A

division cellulaire, reproduction conforme qui conserve l’information génétique de la cellule initiale

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5
Q

mutation

A

modification d’un ou plusieurs nucléotides lors de la phase S

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6
Q

diversité génétique dans un clone

A

accumulation de mutations successives

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7
Q

sous-clone

A

lignée de clones qui dérive d’un mutant

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8
Q

mutation précoce

A

a lieu pendant les premières divisions cellulaires de la cellule-oeuf

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9
Q

mutation tardive

A

contraire de mutation précoce

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10
Q

crossing over

A

(chiasma) brassage interchromosomique, échange de portion de chromatide entre les chromosomes homologues

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11
Q

gènes liés

A

gènes sur le même chromosome

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12
Q

souche pure

A

homozygote récessif

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13
Q

gène indépendants

A

gènes qui se situent sur 2 paires de chromosomes différentes

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14
Q

brassage intrachromosomique

A

en M1, disposition aléatoires des chromosomes homologues, de part et d’autre du plan équatorial

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15
Q

phénotype

A

entre crochet

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16
Q

génotype

A

entre parenthèses

17
Q

allèle

A

version du gène

18
Q

homozygote

A

2 allèles identiques

19
Q

hétérozygote

A

2 allèles différents