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Geography - World Cities > Sustainablity In Urban Areas > Flashcards

Sustainablity In Urban Areas Flashcards

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1
Q

Define sustainability

A

People living now without reducing the ability for people to live in the future

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2
Q

How can a city become sustainable through waste management?

A

Producing less waste or changing how waste is deposited

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3
Q

Describe landfill

A

When rubbish is buried in quarries

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4
Q

What are the advantages of of landfill?

A

Cheap and new landfills can be lined with impermeable materials

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5
Q

What are the disadvantages of landfills?

A

Pollute ground water and releases lots of greenhouse gasses

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6
Q

What is a case study example of landfill?

A

Manila, Philippines - 10,000 families live next to the landfill

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7
Q

Describe composting as a strategy to waste management

A

In the uk 38% of household waste is biodegradable

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8
Q

What are the advantages to composting?

A

Reduced the cost to local authority and produces a rich fertiliser

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9
Q

What are the disadvantages of composting?

A

Waste must be stored properly , if it is contaminated then it cannot be sold for agricultural uses

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10
Q

Describe recycling

A

When waste materials are made into new products or materials

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11
Q

What are the advantages of recycling?

A

Cheap and uses less energy than making new products

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12
Q

What are the disadvantages of recycling?

A

Costs money up front to set up collection/plants and some cannot be bothered

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13
Q

What is the case study for recycling in urban areas?

A

Windsor - 70% signed up and recycling increased by 35%

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14
Q

Describe the reuse and reduce strategy

A

Individuals register with mail preference service to reduce junk mail

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15
Q

What are the advantages of reduce sand reuse?

A

Plastic bottles are easily reused

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16
Q

What are the disadvantages of the reduce and reuse scheme?

A

Only some produces can be successfully reused

17
Q

What is a case study example of the reduce and reuse scheme?

A

Germany - drinks companies give money back when a refillable cup in used

18
Q

Describe the energy recovery scheme

A

Waste that cannot be composited, reused or recycled is burnt into heat / electricity

19
Q

What are the advantages of the energy recovery scheme?

A

Provides heat for many houses

20
Q

What are the disadvantages of the energy recovery scheme?

A

Not sustainable as it produced co2

21
Q

What main problems are associated with driving?

A
  • reduces QOL
  • longer journey times
  • increased stress
  • further emissions
22
Q

What three things does public transport need to be?

A

Reliable, cheap and easy

23
Q

What is the most transport-wise country in Europe?

A

Freiburg, Germany

24
Q

In 2000-2008, what percent of Germans walked/cycled/PT for their journeys?

A

40%

25
Q

How did Freiburg, Germany achieve sustainability?

A
  • integrated transport system
  • unified ticket system
  • buses have priority at the lights
  • city centre is pedestrianised
26
Q

How did car journeys decrease in Freiburg between 1982-2007?

A

Decreased by 6%

27
Q

In Freiburg, what percent of fares paid for the overall transport system?

A

90%

28
Q

What do road schemes aim to do?

A

Encourage other forms of transport from cars

29
Q

What’s an example of a successful road scheme?

A

Cleritiba, Brazil

Each road widened for bus lanes

30
Q

What does traffic management aim to do?

A

Changes the route traffic can take, by passes are often built to avoid the city centre

31
Q

What are integrated transport systems aimed to do?

A

Coordinate different types of PT to avoid waiting times

32
Q

What are park and ride schemes?

A

Park on towns outskirts (R/U fringe) avoiding the cost of city centre parking charges, but may cause conflict and doesn’t actually reduce the number of cars

33
Q

Where are low carbon vehicles used and how do they work?

A

Singapore - powered by hydrogen and only emit water

34
Q

What is the Cambridge guided busway?

A

Disused train line, tracks changed based on a ladder concept (decrease surface run off)

35
Q

How much did the Cambridge guided busway cost?

A

£180 million (but still 1/5 of a similar rail project)

36
Q

How have the Lake District aimed to create sustainable transport?

A
  • bike friendly busses
  • electric bike hire points
  • core hire promoted instead of driving to the lakes
37
Q

What did Rio De Janerio do to create a sustainable transport system?

A

Cable car system designed for city dwellers, costing £63 million

Geography - World Cities (12 decks)

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