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GEOG 240 > Sustainable Regions and Cities > Flashcards

Sustainable Regions and Cities Flashcards

1
Q

Why should we care about cities?

A

Over 50% of world population live in cities (2007)

80% of Canadian live in cities.

Cities have positive attributes and negative.

Generate Waste (Solid and Liquid)

Consume Resources (Building Materials)

Generate pollutants, CO2, NOX

Social, cultural amenities.

Economic opportunity.

Education, Entertainment, innovation.

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2
Q

What can we do to affect change?

A

Urban Planning

Urban Design

Public Engagement

Civic Pride

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3
Q

Sustainability Three Components

A

Economy, Environment, Society

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4
Q

Sustainable Development Three Core Elements

A

Sustainable development requires a commitment to social equity.

Sustainable development requires a commitment to economic opportunity.

Sustainable development requires a commitment to environmental protection.

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5
Q

Growth VS Development

A

Growth is about expansion, spreading out.

Development is about quality, place-making.

From placelessness to place.

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6
Q

Sustainable Community Building Blocks

A
  1. Greening the City
  2. Water & Sewage
  3. Waste Reduction & Recycling
  4. Energy Efficiency & Renewables
  5. Atmospheric Change & Air Quality
  6. Transportation Planning & Traffic Management
  7. Land Use & Urban Form
  8. Housing & Community Development
  9. Community Economic Development
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7
Q

Community Capital Frame Work

A

Cultural Capital

Natural Capital

Physical Capital

Economic Capital

Human Capital

Social Capital

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8
Q

Sustainable (Urban) Development

A

Contains sustainable community building blocks(some visible, some not so visible)

Contains a mix of community capital (has real human value but not easy to price)

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9
Q

Environment

A

Traditional, environmental, preservation.

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10
Q

Society

A

Social equity and well being.

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11
Q

Economy

A

Traditional, economic, development

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12
Q

Critique of SD

A

In the definition: ‘needs’ versus ‘wants’.

Hold back less developed world?

Different interpretations, eg. ‘Strong’ versus ‘weak’ sustainability.

Vagueness of term, overuse?

Ignores politics of the environment.

How to measure, quantify.

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13
Q

Weak Sustainability

A

Replacements, new technology, pricing to overcome depletion.

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14
Q

Strong Sustainability

A

Must retain same natural capital inventory for next generation.

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15
Q

Problems with Weak Sustainability

A

Nuclear (Carbon Emissions free, but expensive, waste storage problems, safety)

Hybrid Vehicles (reduced fossil fuel, but)

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16
Q

Why Los Angeles still has Smog

A

Battle against smog, 30 years

Making vehicles cleaner, more efficient

But not less needed (sprawl, separated land uses, automobiles dependency, etc)

Jevons Principle

17
Q

Jevons Principle

A

1865 Coal Burning Assessment in the UK.

Depletion of UK coal reserves; also coal smog/fog/human health conditions.

“Improved coal burning technology would raise efficiency, save coal resources”

Jevons predicted that increased efficiency would lead to more users, increased coal consumption

18
Q

Sustainable Community Development

A 
Community Forestry
Local Food Production
Car Share
Mobility Choices
Home Office
Mixed Land Use
Water/Wastewater Efficiency
19
Q

How Can It Be Measured?

A

Measuring sustainability is complex, interwoven, context specific.

Incremental activities, initiatives, policies combine, over time, to move us toward sustainability.

20
Q

Where Do These Communities Exist?

A

They exist all around us, in small measures.

Unfortunately there are many more examples of “unsustainable communities”

Examples: Urban sprawl, automobile dependency, loss of public space; loss of natural features/habitat; poor urban design; land use separation, etc.

Post War (WWII) “growth” model of suburbia

21
Q

Urban Form In the Suburbs (Post 1950)

A

Horizontal expanse of city population.

Low density.

One and two family dwelling, low rise apartments.

Insulated neighborhoods, small green spaces.

Loop streets, cul-de-sac.

Don Mills, ON; Sherwood Park, AB (new towns)

22
Q

Goals, Indicators and Targets

A

Achieving sustainable development

Set Goals (Public Input)

Need to identify an indicator

Next is to set targets for these indicators

GEOG 240 (12 decks)

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