Sustainable Management

Question 1

Political - National Parks

Answer 1

1. Central Amazon Conservation complex a world heritage site where damaging activities like logging and hunting are restricted.
   - Hard to police due to lack of funds

Question 2

Political - Environmental Laws

Answer 2

1. Land owners have to keep 50%-80% as forest

Question 3

Political - Local community action

Answer 3

1. NGOs work with locals to protect their environment eg local fishermen record data on number & distribution of species and report illegal hunting

Question 4

Economic - Ecotourism

Answer 4

1. Tataquara lodge has 15 rooms
   - activities like fishing and forest walks
   waste is disposed of responsibly and solar panels are used
   - they employ local people giving them a reliable income
   - low numbers of tourists means less harm to the environment
   - in most areas tourists have to pay an entrance fee which goes to education projects to promote conservation

Question 5

Economic - Logging

Answer 5

1. Brazil banned mahogany logging in 2001 & seizes timber from illegal loggers
2. Reduced impact logging- divide the land into 30 small plots and rotate logging between each plot
   - leave the oldest trees standing once logged the plot is left for 29 years to regenerate
3. Precious woods amazon are a logging company which is certified as they put a limit on the number of trees cut own and use range of species to avoid over - exploitation

Question 6

Economic - Debt reduction

Answer 6

1. In 2010 the USA and Brazil signed an agreement converting $21m of Brazilian debt into a fund to protect the tropical ecosystem

Question 7

Economic - commodity value

Answer 7

1. Farmers are reducing the amount of logging because they are earning income from their Brazil nut trees instead.
   - they produce the best harvests when growing in the pristine forest and live for 400 years growing 50m tall