Sustainable Cities

Question 1

What are cities?

Answer 1

Urban areas within a country
[High percentage of the world’s population are living in Cities]

Question 2

Characteristics of Cities

Answer 2

• High population
• Large build-up area (have a lot of buildings)
• Wide range of functions

Question 3

Technological advancements

Answer 3

• new services/products by scientific knowledge
• researchers, designers, and entrepreneurs
• government and investors provide funding

Question 4

Increased environmental polution

Answer 4

• cities are major pollutants of air and water
• many people (high population) + businesses + transport network = increased fossil fuels consumed
• contaminants are created and disposed off into the environment, hurts human health

Question 5

water pollution

Answer 5

• wrong management of household and industrial waste -> affect water supplies because leak into waterway/ broken sewage
• water quality decrease = threatens human life

Question 6

air pollution

Answer 6

No clean air because
* use coal to generate electricity
* high vehicular traffic
* emission from industries
- long exposure = heart diseases/death
- poor health = increase healthcare demand

Question 7

Natural resources

Answer 7

• Limited supply -> water and land
• Cities need this to evolve (eg infrastructure, industrial uses)

Question 8

land resources

Answer 8

• cities need land to hold their many people
• comp for land -> change buildings from short to tall / -> expand to rural areas
• when ppl need move houses for them to change, they :(

Question 9

water resources

Answer 9

• water catchment areas are affected because more natural vegetation are replaced with concrete
• comp for land affects expansion of reservoirs
• continual supply of water to support ppl and businesses

Question 10

Relationship between cities and rural areas (Rural-urban migration)

Answer 10

• ppl move from rural to urban due to push and pull factors

Question 11

Relationship between cities and rural areas (Provision of goods and services)

Answer 11

• cities limited space, depends on rural areas for food supply
  -farmers rear animals and grow crops for their own crops
  or to sell them at markets in the cities for money
• rural residents go to cities to buy stuff at malls or to seek medical help