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LEED Module 1 > Sustainability and Green Design > Flashcards

Sustainability and Green Design Flashcards

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0
Q

Why do green buildings use resources more wisely and are more efficient?

A

Water - Energy and Materials. Green buildings focus on site selection, the design of building systems and the operations and maintenance of the building.

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1
Q

What is sustainability?

A

Sustainability means meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

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2
Q

What are the benefits of a sustainable design?

A 
GSA survey
13% less maintenance costs
26% less energy use
27% higher levels of occupant satisfaction
33% lower CO2 emissions
14% less potable water consumption.
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3
Q

What are some facts supporting the benefits and needs for sustainable design?

A

Humans are indoors 90% of he time.
Indoor pollution can be 100 times that of the outdoors
Indoor enviromental quality can increase productivity
Additional costs balanced by enw savings
On average - survey of 146 buildings shoed only a 2% increase in cost.
Green building rent for an average of 6% more.

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4
Q

What are three benefits of sustainable design?

A

One. Lower maintenance costs and energy use. This is due to the design, construction and commissioning authority.

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5
Q

2nd Benefit of Sustainable Design?

A

More efficient means less emissions. People are happier and healthier in green buildings due to higher ventialation rates, daylight and views, low VOC content in materials. Also a reduction in potable water usage.

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6
Q

3rd Benefit to Sustainable Design?

A

We live indoors. Consequence of greener buildings is people will be more productive and take less days off.

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7
Q

What about the costs?

A

The higher upfront costs are offset by
Lower water bills
Lower energy bills
and Easier marketability to future tenants.

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8
Q

What are the findings from the cost of green report?

A
  • Projects are achieving LEED within their budgets and in the same cost range as non-leed projects.
  • Construction costs have risen but projects are still achieving LEED.
  • Going green is not an added feature. Reality is that as green building becomes more common - costs will go down.
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9
Q

Is there a significant difference between green and non-green building construction costs?

A

No.

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10
Q

What is the LEED Triple Bottom Line?

A 
Profit = Economic Prosperity = Promotes More Efficient Environment
Planet = Environmental Stewardship = Positive Impact on Environment
People = Social Responsibility = Promotes Health of Occupants
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11
Q

Profit - Economics - what are they?

A

Reduce operating costs
Enhance asset value and profits
Improved productivity
Optimize life-cycle economic performance

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12
Q

Planet - Environmental Stewardship - what is it?

A

Protect ecosystems and biodiversity
Improve IAQ and Water Quality
Reduce solid waste streams
Conserve natural resources

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13
Q

People - Social Responsibility - how?

A

Health and Community Benefits

  • improved air, thermal and acoustic environment for workers
  • more comfortable and healthier surroundings for workers
  • minimizes strain on local infrastructure
  • contributes to overall quality of life.
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14
Q

What is IPD

A

IPD is a process developed by the AIA as a new approach to project delivery with the goal of maximizing efficiencies through all phases of design and construction.

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15
Q

What is the difference between TPD and IPD

A

Key difference is which team members are involved and when.

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16
Q

Critical difference between IPD and TPD

A

IPD the teams work together as a single entity.

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17
Q

Benefits from IPD

A

Lower project costs
Shorter schedules
Achievement of building performance goals.

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18
Q

What is the lifecycle assessment?

A

The life cycle assessment as part of the IPD is asking the team to look at the entire life cycle of the project when making decisions.

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19
Q

What is needed to implement sustainability?

A

Open and collaborative environment from start to finish.

20
Q

What is a charrette?

A

It is the kick-off of the project that includes an intensive design and planning session. Goal is to eliminate value engineering process.

21
Q

What is collaborative systems thinking.

A

In the charrette and following days - the team should constantly be focuses on how do all of the building systems work together.

22
Q

What are the benefits of IPD

A
  1. Lower costs.
  2. Faster timeline.
  3. Improved building performance.
23
Q

What does the MacLeamy Curve illustrate?

A

The design effort and effect occurs earlier with thereby minimizing scope and design changes resulting in lower costs. Where in TPD design changes occur down the path when it is more costly to implement / effectuate.

24
Q

IPD - the Team - who is it?

A

Owners, operators, architects, planners, engineers and contractors.

25
Q

IPD - the team - what are you trying to avoid?

A

Disciplinary vacuums - create nothing but inefficient and costly design solutions. Encourage teams to collaborate across traditional roles!

26
Q

Name the Team Members

A

Architect, HVAC Engineer, Landscape Architect, Civil Engineer, Contractor, Facility Manager, Commx Authority

27
Q

Architect’s Role?

A
  • responsible for overall green building design strategy for the site, the building construction and interior spaces.
28
Q

HVAC Engineer?

A

Selection and proper installation of all equipment per credit requirements as well as being SME on the management of energy and water systems.

29
Q

Landscape Architect and Civil Engineer?

A

CE takes the lead int eh site design process, including site protection, open space requirements, stormwater design. The LA responsible in part for site design and selection of trees and plants for the project - gives careful consideration to water efficiency and shading.

30
Q

Contractor?

A

GC who oversees construction of the project. GC in charge of credits dealing with construction waste and material selection.

31
Q

Facility Manager?

A

Role to coordinate and oversee safe and secure and environmentally sound operation and maintenance of the building’s systems.

32
Q

Commissioning Authority

A

CxA is usually hired by the project team to verify that the building’s energy related systems are installed, calibrated and perform according to the documents.

33
Q

When should design process begin?

A

At the very beginning - program analysis!

34
Q

What should the emphasis be on?

A

Problem solving and holistic thinking…

35
Q

What type of process will create inefficiencies and make it difficult to implement changes…

A

A linear process does. When the design is done without the team members present from the build and operations sides of the house, it leads to changes down the road which are more costly. With everyone at the table at the beginning, problems are identified quickly and resolutions are easier to define.

36
Q

What are the three types of projects?

A

DBB - hand-offs - linear approach. A to B to C
DB - Single entity responsible for the design and build of major systems. Shortened schedule. Greater accountability.
IPD - LifeCycle Approach. Entire team there from the start.

37
Q

What is the best approach?

A

USGBC considers IPD to be the best approach?

38
Q

Why?

A

Holistic Approach - not Linear
Encourages teamwork
Considers lifecycle.

39
Q

What is a Life Cycle Assessment?

A

It is the analysis of the environmental aspect and impacts associated with a product, service or process.

40
Q

What are two types of life-cycle assessments?

A

Cradle to Grave - impact of a resource’s lifespan from extraction to disposal.
Cradle to Cradle: Open-loop - the resource is recycled at the end of its normal life, minimizing its environmental impact.

41
Q

What does life-cycle cost mean?

A

It is the direction to consider the total costs, including initial costs, installation cost, operating costs, maintenance and repair costs and replacement costs of a system, product or process.

42
Q

What is the integrative approach?

A

It is the “all-in” approach at the outset that demands integrative project budgeting and design team selection. Essentially demands creating initial budget taking into consideration design fees and construction costs but also LCA and LCC as well as allowing input from design or cost consultant with green building experience. Demands creating adequate contingencies and allowances for design considerations (UFAD example).

43
Q

What is integrative project budgeting?

A

Essentially demands creating initial budget taking into consideration design fees and construction costs but also LCA and LCC as well as allowing input from design or cost consultant with green building experience. Demands creating adequate contingencies and allowances for design considerations (UFAD example).

44
Q

What is needed to select design team?

A
  1. Team demand that takes a whole building design approach.
  2. Develop the SOW and RFQ
  3. Select team leader and encourage integration.
  4. Best method for contractor selection - public bid, invited bid, negotiated contract, design build.
45
Q

TPD v. IPD Comparison - Teams

A

IPD - Integrated, All Stakeholders Engaged Early On, Open and Transparent and Collaborative.
TPD - Fragmented - Teams Assembled As Needed. Hierarchical, Controlled.

46
Q

TPD v. IPD Comparison - Process

A

IPD - Holistic - Current - Multi-level. Early Contributions of knowledge and expertise. Open information sharing. Stakeholder trust and respect.
TPD - Linear. Segregated. Information hoarded. Silos of knowledge and Expertise. Closed.

47
Q

TPD v. IPD Comparison - Risk and Compensation

A

IPD - Risk is collectively managed. Team success tied to the project success and value based.
TPD - Risk is individually managed and transferred to greatest extent possible. Compensation - pursued independently, minimum effort for maximum return.

48
Q

TPD v. IPD Comparison - Communication and Agreements

A

IPD - Communication is digital and open protocol (BIM), agreements encourage and foster and promote open sharing, risk sharing and collaboration.
TPD - Communication is analog - two way. Paper based. Agreements are unilateral and only transfer or allocate risk. No sharing encouraged.

LEED Module 1 (2 decks)

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