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Building Systems > Sustainability and Energy Efficiency > Flashcards

Sustainability and Energy Efficiency Flashcards

1
Q

What is Potable Water?

A

Water that is Drinkable

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2
Q

What is Gray Water and Black Water?

A

Gray Water is waste water not from toilets or urinals. Black Water is containing toilet or urine waste.

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3
Q

What methods are used to control water flow and pollutants onto adjacent property and ultimate in natural water ways.

A

Silt Fences, Sediment Traps or Basins, vegetated buffer strips, hay bales

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4
Q

What are good to control water flow in a permanent installation?

A

Grass Lined Swales and pervious paving.

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5
Q

What is in a rain water collection system?

A

Water Collection system, Storage Cistern, and water Distribution System.

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6
Q

How do you calculate the amount of rainwater available?

A

Take the horizontal area of the catchment area and multiply that by the average annual rainfall for a region and reduce by some amount (typ 75%) to account for evaporation and other losses.

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7
Q

What kind of watering system is used in irrigation where graywater is used?

A

Drip Method. NOT SPRINKLERS

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8
Q

Plumbing Fixtures… What is the max gallons per flush for a toilet?

A

1.6 GPF

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9
Q

With Vacuum Systems and/or Pressure tanks some toilets can use as little at 1.5 qts (1.4L)

A

Front Loading Washing Machines use less water

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10
Q

Concrete is generally not a sustainable material, because the manufacturer and production of Portland cement requires substantial energy and raw material consumption and produces environmental emissions.

A

However, Concrete typ has a long life and can be recycled into crushed aggregate for highway base fill.

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11
Q

How can the sustainability of concrete be improved?

A

By incorporating fly ash admixtures and using recycled aggregates when possible and using low waste form work when possible.

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12
Q

What is Fly Ash?

A

Fly Ash is a waste material obtained from coal fired power plants. Fly Ash increases the strength, decreases permeability reduce temp rise during placement. Increase sulfate resistance, and improve the work ability of concrete.

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13
Q

How much percent of concrete can be fly ash?

A

40-65% Fly Ash can replace cement.

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14
Q

What is Autoclaved Aerated Concrete? AAC

A

A light weight precast concrete made with aluminum powder as an extra ingredient, hardened in molds and cured in autoclave. It is formed into blocks typ 10”x25” in thickness of 4”, 8”, 10”. ACC is used for NON LOAD BEARING WALLS. Residential and light commercial. PROS - Excellent for insulation value, reduced air infiltration and improved acoustic qualities.

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15
Q

Masonry - Clay or Concrete Based.

A

Brick is a Natural Material. - And is gen manufactured close to the place of use. (local quarried clay)

Like concrete, clay produces no pollution or emissions once in place.

EXCELLENT THERMAL MASS

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16
Q

Metals

A

Steel is the most common metal used in buildings. Steel with a recycled content up to 30% or more is readily available.

Aluminum is available to be produced with upto 20% recycled content.

Copper has a great value as a recyled material as does Brass, Bronze, and stainless steel. (if seperated)

17
Q

What products can replace Standard Solid Wood Framing?

A

Engineered Wood Products:

  • Woos I Joists
  • Laminated Veneer Lumber
  • Structural Insulated Panels.
18
Q

Are Particle Board and medium density fiberboard sustainable products?

A

Yes, but usually there adhesives contain formaldehyde and offgass.

19
Q

What is bagasse?

A

Fibre remaining after the extraction of the sugar-bearing juice from sugarcane. The term was once applied more generally to various waste residues from processing plant materials. Bagasse may be used as fuel in the sugarcane mill or as a source of cellulose for manufacturing animal feeds. Paper is produced from bagasse in several Latin American countries, in the Middle East, and in all sugar-producing countries that are deficient in forest resources. It is the essential ingredient for the production of pressed building board, acoustic tile, and other construction materials.

20
Q

What is Chromated Copper Arsenate?

A

A Wood presevative.

Over time small amounts of the CCA constituents, mainly the arsenic, may leach out of the treated timber, according to the United States’ Environment Protection Agency website

.

Plastic Lumber can be used as an option instead of this.

21
Q

Polyethylen Terephthalate - From Soft Drink Containers can be used to manufacture carpet.

A
22
Q

What is Vermiculite?

A

Insulation - made from mica and expands when heated.

Open fireplaces

High-temperature or refractory insulation

Acoustic panels

Fireproofing of structural steel and pipes

23
Q

Name some types of insulation

A
  • Cellulose Insulation - Containing at least 70% post comsumer paper waste
  • Mineral Fiber Insulation - Made from steel, mill slag, or basalt rock. Available in rigid boards
  • Glass Fiber insulation - 30% or more of Post Consumer Recyled Glass. Available in rigid forms, batts or loose film
  • Vermiculite
  • Perlite - Made from volcanic rock - expanded by heat
  • Compressed Straw
24
Q

National Fenestration Rating Council - U Factor, Solar Heat Gain Coeficient and Visible Light Transmittance.

A

Windows maybe certified with a Green Seal Label or Green Seal Standards.

25
Q

What are good raw materials that carpet is made out of?

A

Polyester and Nylon Blend Made from Reycled Bottle content.

or wool

26
Q

What Nylon can be recycled easist?

A

Nylon 6

27
Q

In carpeting try to avoid latex backing. How do you do this?

A

Specify carpet made with a needlepunching proceess. Also, Latex binding can be replaced with fusion bonding.

28
Q

What is fusion bonding?

A

Fiber is heat welded to a sponge plastic backing.

29
Q

What are the 4 emissions carpet is tested for by CRI - Carpet and Rug Institute?

A

1- Total Colatile Organic Compounds

2 Styrene

  1. Formaldehyde

and 4 Phenylcyclohene

Carpets that pass this test carry a Green Label.

30
Q

Note: Cork using urea-formaldehyde should not be used.

A

Cork is also an excellent absorber of sound.

31
Q

What other products can be used instead of std wood?

A

Bamboo or Palm Wood

Palm Wood is a byproduct of cocunut.

AVOID EPOXY MODIFIED GROUTS.

Cement Mortors and grouts are enviromentally freindly.

32
Q

What is flue-gas desulfurization?

A

The main source of synthetic gypsum in America.

Flue-gas desulfuriztion - is the process whereby power generating plants remove polluting gases from their stacks to reduce emissions.

By itself gypsum wall board does not contribute in a specific way to indoor air polution.

33
Q

How can wallboard be recylced?

A

It is pulverized and can be worked into the ground as soil additive.

34
Q

What is sisal wall covering?

A

Sisal Wall Covering is a natural material made from the fiber of henequen plant.

  • Not suitable for wet areas.
  • Reduces sound reflection and transmission.
35
Q

Green Seal Standard GS-11

A

Paints and Coatings

36
Q

Green Seal Label - GS-03

A

Green Seal™ Environmental Criteria for
Anti-Corrosive Paints

37
Q

Green Seal Labels Standards for Flat Paint or stricter then the EPA

A

Flat Paint cannot exceed 50 g/l

38
Q
A

Building Systems (2 decks)

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