Surveying & Transportation Engineering Flashcards
is the technique, profession, art and science of determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them.
Surveying
A land surveying professional is called a
LAND SURVEYOR
DETERMINING THE RELATIVE POSITIONS OF OBJECTS
Surveying
DETERMINING THE ELEVATION OF POINTS
Surveying
DETERMINING BOUNDARIES AND PROPERTY LINES
Surveying
CREATING MAPS AND 3D MODELS OF THE EARTH’S SURFACE
Surveying
Most instruments screw onto a ____ when in use.
Tripod
____________ are often used for measurement of smaller distances.
Tape measures
___________ and various forms of ______ imagery are also used.
3D scanners - aerial
is an instrument for the measurement of angles.
Theodolite
It uses two separate circles, protractors or alidades to measure angles in the horizontal and the vertical plane.
Theodolite
is a form of theodolite that uses a gyroscope to orient itself in the absence of reference marks.
Gyro theodolite
It is used in underground applications.
Gyro theodolite
is a development of the theodolite with an electronic distance measurement device (EDM).
Total station
can be used for leveling when set to the horizontal plane.
Total station
used to mark points prior to marking pins and for the surveyor to see those points with theodolite / total station through a distance.
Staging rod or range pole
Staging rod is also called?
Range pole
Used as the base of the equipment for stability and ensure that it is levelled through the bubble.
Tripod
Used to mark points on the actual layout on the ground after measurements and levels are established.
Marking pins
Used to measure elevation readings through theodolite / total station.
Stadia rod
topographic, layout, and as-built surveys associated with engineering design.
Engineering survey
They often need geodetic computations beyond normal civil engineering practice.
Engineering survey
a survey that documents the location of recently constructed elements of a construction project.
As-built surveying
is also known as a ‘works as executed survey’.
As-built survey
are done for record, completion evaluation and payment purposes.
As-built surveys
are often presented in red or redline and laid over existing plans for comparison with design information.
As-built surveys
a survey that establishes or re-establishes boundaries of a parcel using a legal description.
Cadastral or boundary surveying
It involves the setting or restoration of monuments or markers at the corners or along the lines of the parcel.
Cadastral or boundary surveying
These take the form of iron rods, pipes, or concrete monuments in the ground, or nails set in concrete or asphalt.
Cadastral or boundary surveying
establish reference points to use as starting positions for future surveys.
Control surveying
Most other forms of surveying will contain elements of ______
Control surveying
is to stake out reference points and markers that will guide the construction of new structures such as roads or buildings.
Construction surveying
These markers are usually staked out according to a suitable coordinate system selected for the project.
Construction surveying
a survey to determine if a structure or object is changing shape or moving.
Deformation surveying
First the positions of points on an object are found. A period of time is allowed to pass and the positions are then re-measured and calculated. Then a comparison between the two sets of positions is made.
Deformation surveying
this is a type of survey conducted in or on a non-level surface.
Dimensional survey
The primary purpose of ________ is to ensure the accuracy and precision of physical components or structures, particularly in situations where precise alignment, fit, or assembly is critical.
Dimensional surveying
a survey done to collect the positional data on a foundation that has been poured and is cured.
Foundation survey
This is done to ensure that the foundation was constructed in the location, and at the elevation, authorized in the plot plan, site plan, or subdivision plan.
Foundation survey
a survey conducted with the purpose of mapping the shoreline and bed of a body of water.
Hydrographic survey
Used for navigation, engineering, or resource management purposes.
Hydrographic survey
is the process of determining the elevation of points on the Earth’s surface relative to a fixed reference point.
Levelling
Earth’s surface relative to a fixed reference point
Datum
the average height of the sea’s surface over a long period of time.
Mean sea level (MSL)
_____ includes directing the digging of mine shafts and galleries and the calculation of volume of rock.
Mining surveying
It uses specialised techniques due to the restraints to survey geometry such as vertical shafts and narrow passages.
Mining surveying
is a simple survey that delineates land boundaries and building locations.
Mortgage surveying
It checks for encroachment, building setback restrictions and shows nearby flood zones.
Mortgage surveying
In many places a ________ is a precondition for a mortgage loan.
Mortgage surveying
It is also known as a property valuation survey.
Mortgage Surveying
is a technique for creating maps and models of objects and terrain using photographs
Photographic survey
a detailed inspection to report upon the physical condition and structural stability of a building or structure.
Structural surveying
It highlights any work needed to maintain it in good repair.
Structural Surveying
A boundary survey that splits a property into two or more smaller properties.
Subdivision
survey that measures the elevation of points on a particular piece of land, and presents them as contour lines on a plot
Topographic survey
is a branch of civil engineering that deals with the planning, design, operation, and maintenance of transportation systems.
Transportation Engineering
It encompasses a wide range of activities, from planning and designing highways, railways, and airports to managing traffic flow and developing new transportation technologies.
Transportation Engineering
PROVIDE SAFE AND EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION FOR PEOPLE
AND GOODS
Transportation Engineering
PROMOTE sustainable transportation practices
Transportation Engineering
Address transportation needs and challenges
Transportation Engineering
Analyzingtransportationneeds, forecasting demand, and developing transportation to meet future demands
Transportation planning
Designing,constructing,and maintaining highways, including roads, bridges, tunnels, and traffic control systems.
Highway engineering
Designing,constructing,and maintaining railways, including tracks, bridges, signals, and rolling stock
Railway engineering
Planning,designing,and maintaining airports, including runways, terminals, air traffic control systems, and passenger facilities.
airport engineering
Managing traffic flow, analyzing traffic patterns, and designing traffic control strategies to improve traffic efficiency and reduce congestion.
traffic engineering
Developing and implementing ITS technologies, such as traffic signal control systems, traveler information systems, and automated vehicle technologies, to improve transportation efficiency and safety.
Intelligent transportation systems (ITS)
