Survey Research Flashcards

1
Q

Uses information obtained from a select members of the population,
analyzes the responses, and the draws conclusions applicable back to
the same population

A

survey research

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2
Q

survey research uses information obtained from a______________ of the population,
_______________ the responses, and then ____________ conclusions applicable back to
the same population

A

select members; analyzes; draws

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3
Q

types of survey research

A
  1. descriptive
  2. explanatory
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4
Q

opinions and attitudes

A

descriptive

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5
Q

explaining a cause and effect

A

explanatory

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6
Q

in survey research, the validity of the results depend on the ____________________________________ (methodology)

A

quality of the study’s internal rigor

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7
Q

what are the 6 uses of survey research?

A
  1. study the incidence, distribution, and relationships of sociologic and psychological variables
  2. collect information from sample and generalize findings
  3. identify, assess, and compare respondents’ ideas, feelings, plans, beliefs, and demographics
  4. how healthcare programs should be implemented by utilizing expert opinions
  5. study effectiveness of a program
  6. understand attitudes and behaviors of patients or members
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8
Q

T/F: survey research is applied in those that implement policies

A

T

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9
Q

types of survey research

A
  1. descriptive surveys
  2. explanatory surveys
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10
Q

attempt to identify psychosocial variables

A

descriptive surveys

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11
Q

enumerate the psychosocial variables identified using descriptive surveys

A

attitudes, opinions, knowledge, and behaviors in a population

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12
Q

attempt to explain causal relationships between variables

A

explanatory

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13
Q

types of data collected in survey research

A
  1. incidence
  2. attitudinal
  3. knowledge
  4. behavior measurements
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14
Q

try to determine the occurrence of events without drawing any relationships between variables

A

incidence

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15
Q

example: morbidity or mortality data, manpower data

A

incidence

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16
Q

try to compare the dependent variable with independent variables such as age, education, or salary

A

attitudinal

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17
Q

example: job satisfaction surveys

A

attitudinal

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18
Q

T/F: attitudinal data is fixed or constant in a sense that independent variable will change but will not change because of another variable

A

T

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19
Q

attempt to document a person’s knowledge or understanding about a specific topic

A

knowledge

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20
Q

example: physician’s knowledge of retail prices of medications or pharmacist’s knowledge of state pharmacy laws

A

knowledge

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21
Q

documents what a person actually does in a particular situation rather than asking him or her in a survey

A

behavior measurements

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22
Q

data that should reflect the actual observed behavior

A

behavior measurements

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23
Q

example: what will you do when an earthquake occurs while delivery a baby?

A

behavior measurements

24
Q

tools used to perform data collection

A
  1. questionnaires
  2. examination of historical records
  3. interviews (telephone, face-to-face, panel)
  4. web-based questionnaires
  5. focus groups
25
Q

characteristics of a well-conducted survey

A
  1. objective and carefully planned
  2. data are quantifiable
  3. subjects surveyed are representative of the target population
26
Q

no sampling = ________________

A

more prone to errors

27
Q

errors affecting precision and accuracy

A
  1. coverage error
  2. sampling error
  3. measurement error
  4. nonresponse error
28
Q

bias in a statistic that occurs when the target population you want to survey does not coincide with the sample population that is actually surveyed

A

coverage error

29
Q

error that can compromise the ability to generalize study results

A

coverage error

30
Q

difference between the estimate derived from a sample survey and the true value that would result if a census of the entire target population were taken under the same conditions

A

sampling error

31
Q

occurs when the researcher surveys only a subset (sample) of all possible subjects within the population of interest

A

sampling error

32
Q

collection of data is influenced by the interviewer or when the survey item itself is unclear from the respondent’s point of view

A

measurement error

33
Q

a significant number of subjects in a sample do not respond to the survey

A

nonresponse error

34
Q

nonresponse bias can result in surveys, where the answers of respondents ________________________________ of those who did not answer

A

differ from the potential answers

35
Q

in nonresponse error, we must strive for response rates in the ________________ range

A

80% to 90%

36
Q

things to consider in evaluation of survey

A
  1. factual data and internal validity
  2. sample size
  3. sample frame
  4. sampling strategy and response rates
  5. survey instrument reliability
37
Q

assess validity and reliability of the survey and efforts made to validate factual data

A

factual data and internal validity

38
Q

asking more than one question about a concept can ________________________ of a survey

A

increase the internal validity of a survey

39
Q

example of correlation analysis

A

Cronbach alpha

40
Q

orrelation analysis such as Cronbach alpha or similar statistical test that measures correlation between items should be calculated and the coefficient factor(s) reported in the article

A

factual data and internal validity

41
Q

interpreted in the same fashion that coefficients of reliability are interpreted

A

cronbach alpha

42
Q

what does a value of 0 indicate in Cronbach alpha

A

no consistency between responses

43
Q

increasing consistency in Cronbach alpha is seen as you approach the value of

A

0.8 to 1

44
Q

what is the minimum coefficient score in Cronbach alpha

A

0.8

45
Q

methods section should report sample size, along with a description of how it was determined

A

sample size

46
Q

sample size is _____________ in nature

A

numerical

47
Q

provides the minimum number of individuals that needs to be sampled from the population

A

sample size computation

48
Q

appropriate ___________________ will give sufficient _______________________ to demonstrate a difference between two groups

A

sample size; sufficient statistical power

49
Q

sample frame is _______________ in nature

A

descriptive

50
Q

describes the population from where actuals samples will be drawn from for the survey respondents

A

sample frame

51
Q

a sample is __________________ if all members of a population had a chance to be chosen and no one was systematically excluded

A

comprehensive

52
Q

methods section should supply the reader with enough information to ensure that nonresponse error was assessed and measures were taken to control the possible errors

A

sampling strategy and response rates

53
Q

T/F: It does not matter if authors relate as much information about non-responders as possible

A

F: should relate as much info as possible

54
Q

a ssess the reliability i.e., can the results of the survey be repeated by another investigator and present the results of reliability estimates

A

survey instrument reliability

55
Q

survey instrument reliability is a ___________________ that measures correlation between items

A

statistical test

56
Q

in survey instrument reliability, measurement of correlation between items should be used as a ______________________

A

reliability estimate

57
Q

an assessment of a questionnaire made before
full-scale implementation to identify and correct problems such as faulty questions, flawed response options, or interviewer training deficiencies

A

pretest or pilot test