Survey of Music Elements, Classical, & Romantic periods

Question 1

ethnomusicologist

Answer 1

John Blacking

Question 2

Historian of Western art music

Answer 2

Joseph Kerman

Question 3

(pp) Pianissimo
(p) Piano
(mp) Mezzo Piano
(mf) Mezzo Forte
(f) Forte
(ff) Fortissimo

Answer 3

Very Soft
Soft
Medium Soft
Medium Loud
Loud
Very Loud

Question 4

Adagio 
Adagietto 
Moderato 
Allegretto 
Allegro 
Presto

Answer 4

– slow and stately
– rather slow
– moderately
– moderately fast
– fast, quickly
– extremely fast

Question 5

middle ages  450  -1450
renaissance  1450-1600
baroque        1600-1750
classical       1750-1820
romantic       1820-1900
twentieth       1900- 20th century

Answer 5

• plain Chant (Hildegard of Bingen)
• MOTET (Josquin Des Prez)
• Opera (Johann Sebastian Bach)
• opera (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)
• classical ( Vincenzo Bellini)

Question 6

Monophony
Polyphony
homophonic
Heterophony

Answer 6

• means music with a single “part”
• means music with more than one part
• music moves in the same rhythm
• same melody, but different times

Question 7

pioneer ethnomusicologist

Answer 7

Alan Merriam

Question 8

Music classification system was invented by German scholars____&____

Answer 8

Sachs and Hornbostel

Question 9

Sonata is considered as _____

Answer 9

chamber music

Question 10

Opera Buffa was different from Opera Seria by ____

Answer 10

Castrato singers were replaced with Bass singers to portray central characters

Question 11

Italian comic opera was called ______

Answer 11

an opera buffa

Question 12

An operatic number sung by two or more people is called a ______

Answer 12

ensemble

Question 13

Which accurately describes Don Giovanni?

Answer 13

tragic and comical

Question 14

“Alfin siam liberati” is an attempt by Don Giovanni to ______

Answer 14

convince Zerlina to come to his villa.

Question 15

A concerto

Answer 15

is a musical composition in three parts; one solo instrument (piano, violin) is accompanied by an orchestra.

Question 16

A symphony

Answer 16

is an musical composition contains at least one movement.

Question 17

Roles of the soloist and the orchestra in the Classical concerto

Answer 17

the soloist and the orchestra alternate episodes of opposition, cooperation, and independence in the creation of the music

Question 18

Define cadenza. Where is the structure of a concerto does it appear?

Answer 18

an improvised part in a classical concerto, normally near the end of the first movement

Question 19

List the instruments (and the number of each) in a string quartet

Answer 19

2 violins, 1 viola and 1 cello

Question 20

Define and describe the genre chamber music. Name two pieces that qualify as Chamber music. List their composers
as well.

Answer 20

classical music that is composed for a small group of instruments—traditionally a group that could fit in a palace chamber

• Ludwig van Beethoven(Quartet for Strings No. 14 in C sharp minor)
• Franz Schubert(String Quintet in C-major, D.956)

Question 21

opera buffa vs opera seria

Answer 21

O.B. often tackles light, not so delicate subject matter where the ending often has a happy resolution.
O.S. the story revolves around heroes and myths, emphasis is also given to the solo voice

Question 22

The Orchestra in the first movement of Symphony No. 5 in C Minor consist of ______

Answer 22

strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion.

Question 23

Beethoven wrote music in both the ________ style and the ________ style

Answer 23

Classical; Romantic

Question 24

According to most sources, which characterizes Beethoven’s personality?

Answer 24

brusque and strong-willed

Question 25

Which musical characteristic of Beethoven’s symphonies seems far from the Classical style of Mozart and
Haydn?

Answer 25

rhythmic drive

Question 26

Briefly explain the connection between Napoleon and Beethoven’s Eroica Symphony.

Answer 26

originally the work was to be titled the “Bonaparte Symphony” as a tribute to Napoleon Bonaparte, Napoleon crowned himself emperor, a move which angered Beethoven. As legend has it, the composer ripped through the title page and later renamed the symphony the Eroica because he refused to dedicate one of his pieces to the man he now considered a “tyrant”.

Question 27

define Program music

Answer 27

music that is intended to evoke images or convey the impression of events

Question 28

Define lied. In what country did the lied evolve?

Answer 28

a type of GERMAN song,of the Romantic period, typically for solo voice with piano accompaniment.

Question 29

A song cycle is …

Answer 29

a group of songs designed to be performed in a sequence as a single entity
- Franz Schubert (Winterreise)

Question 30

A character piece is a

Answer 30

grandiose composition for piano.

Question 31

What is Carnaval?

Answer 31

a lied

Question 32

“La donna è mobile” from Rigoletto is the first line of a(n):

Answer 32

aria.

Question 33

Who composed The Nibelung’s Ring?

Answer 33

Richard Wagner

Question 34

Many of Verdi’s early operas were associated with

Answer 34

the Italian liberation movement.

Question 35

What became of Wagner’s leitmotiv technique?

Answer 35

It was used only in Wagner’s operas.

Question 36

Briefly describe the personality and political views of Richard Wagner.

Answer 36

critical view on the influence of Jews in German culture and society at that time Wagner was promoted during the Nazi era as one of Adolf Hitler’s favourite composers. suggested that he was the son of Ludwig Geyer, rather than his legal father Carl Friedrich Wagner, and some of his biographers have proposed that Wagner himself believed that Geyer was Jewish.